Yu Kaihao, Chen Xiaomin, Pan Genxing, Zhang Xuhui, Chen Can
College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2016 Feb;188(2):88. doi: 10.1007/s10661-015-5087-0. Epub 2016 Jan 14.
Global climate change affects the availability of soil nutrients, thereby influencing crop productivity. This research was conducted to investigate the effects of elevated CO2, elevated temperature, and the interaction of the elevated CO2 and temperature on the soil available phosphorus (P) of a paddy-wheat rotation in the Taihu Lake region, China. Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was cultivated during the study period from 2011 to 2014 at two CO2 levels (350 μL•L(-1) ambient and 500 μL•L(-1) elevated by 150 μL•L(-1)) and two temperatures (ambient and 2 °C above the ambient). Soil available P content increased at the first season and decreased at the last season during the three wheat growing seasons. Soil available P content showed seasonal variation, whereas dynamic changes were not significant within each growing season. Soil available P content had no obvious trends under different treatments. But for the elevated temperature, CO2, and their combination treatments, soil available P content decreased in a long time period. During the period of wheat ripening stage, significant positive correlations were found between soil available P content and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and organic matter, but significant negative correlations with soil clay content and pH value; the correlation coefficients were 0.9400 (p < 0.01), 0.9942 (p < 0.01), -0.9383 (p < 0.01), and -0.6403 (p < 0.05), respectively. Therefore, Ks, organic matter, soil clay, and pH were the major impact factors on soil available P content. These results can provide a basis for predicting the trend of soil available P variation, as well as guidance for managing the soil nutrients and best fertilization practices in the future climate change scenario.
全球气候变化影响土壤养分的有效性，进而影响作物生产力。本研究旨在调查二氧化碳浓度升高、温度升高以及二氧化碳浓度升高与温度升高的交互作用对中国太湖地区稻麦轮作土壤有效磷（P）的影响。在2011年至2014年的研究期间，冬小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）在两种二氧化碳水平（350 μL•L(-1) 环境浓度和500 μL•L(-1) 比环境浓度升高150 μL•L(-1)）和两种温度（环境温度和比环境温度高2℃）条件下种植。在三个小麦生长季中，土壤有效磷含量在第一季增加，在最后一季下降。土壤有效磷含量呈现季节性变化，而在每个生长季内动态变化不显著。不同处理下土壤有效磷含量没有明显趋势。但对于温度升高、二氧化碳浓度升高及其组合处理，土壤有效磷含量在较长时间内下降。在小麦成熟期，土壤有效磷含量与饱和导水率（Ks）和有机质之间存在显著正相关，但与土壤黏粒含量和pH值存在显著负相关；相关系数分别为0.9400（p < 0.01）、0.9942（p < 0.01）、-0.9383（p < 0.01）和-0.6403（p < 0.05）。因此，Ks、有机质、土壤黏粒和pH是影响土壤有效磷含量的主要因素。这些结果可为预测土壤有效磷变化趋势提供依据，也可为未来气候变化情景下土壤养分管理和最佳施肥实践提供指导。
