Hellenbach Mike, Karatzias Thanos, Brown Michael
Faculty of Health, Life and Social Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK.
The Rivers Centre, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK.
J Appl Res Intellect Disabil. 2017 Mar;30(2):230-241. doi: 10.1111/jar.12234. Epub 2016 Jan 18.
Limited evidence suggests that people with ID (ID) are overrepresented in prisons although prevalence rates of ID among prisoners vary significantly across studies, making it difficult to identify prevalence and assess existing need.
A systematic review of relevant literature was conducted, and results were organized and compared in relation to study aims, design, measures used to screen for ID, sample, limitations and key findings.
Existing international data suggest a prevalence of prisoners with ID between 7 and 10%. Most frequent coexisting health issues among this population are hearing and vision impairments, obesity, diabetes and a range of mental health disorders, notably anxiety and personality and conduct disorders.
More research is required on prevalence rates and associated comorbidities of ID within prison settings, taking into account the heterogeneity of the population with ID.
有限的证据表明，智力障碍（ID）患者在监狱中的比例过高，尽管不同研究中囚犯的智力障碍患病率差异很大，这使得难以确定患病率并评估现有需求。
对相关文献进行系统综述，并根据研究目的、设计、用于筛查智力障碍的措施、样本、局限性和主要发现对结果进行整理和比较。
现有的国际数据表明，智力障碍囚犯的患病率在7%至10%之间。该人群中最常见的并存健康问题是听力和视力障碍、肥胖、糖尿病以及一系列心理健康障碍，尤其是焦虑、人格和行为障碍。
考虑到智力障碍人群的异质性，需要对监狱环境中智力障碍的患病率及相关合并症进行更多研究。
