Horowitz M J
Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute, University of California, San Francisco.
Psychiatr Clin North Am. 1989 Sep;12(3):531-9.
The phenomenology of some persons with narcissistic personality disorders has been discussed in four categories: phenomena (signs and symptoms), recurrent distressing states of mind, recurrent maladaptive views of self and others, and irrational or hyper-defensive processing of emotional themes. Although no one person will fit the prototype described the overall gestalt may help the clinician recognize variations in individual cases.
现象(体征和症状)、反复出现的痛苦心境状态、对自我和他人反复出现的适应不良看法,以及对情感主题的非理性或过度防御性处理。虽然没有人会完全符合所描述的原型,但整体的形态可能有助于临床医生识别个别案例中的差异。