Lev-Yadun Simcha
a Department of Biology & Environment; Faculty of Natural Sciences ; University of Haifa - Oranim ; Tivon , Israel.
Plant Signal Behav. 2015;10(12):e1040968. doi: 10.1080/15592324.2015.1040968.
Gloger's rule posits that darker birds are found more often in humid environments than in arid ones, especially in the tropics. Accordingly, desert-inhabiting animals tend to be light-colored. This rule is also true for certain mammalian groups, including humans. Gloger's rule is manifested at 2 levels: (1) at the species level (different populations of the same species have different pigmentation at different latitudes), and (2) at the species assembly level (different taxa at a certain geography have different pigmentation than other taxa found at different habitats or latitudes). Concerning plants, Gloger's rule was first proposed to operate in many plant species growing in sand dunes, sandy shores and in deserts, because of being white, whitish, or silver colored, based on white trichomes, because of sand grains and clay particles glued to sticky glandular trichomes, or because of light-colored waxes. Recently, Gloger's rule was shown to also be true at the intraspecific level in relation to protection of anthers from UV irradiation. While Gloger's rule is true in certain plant taxa and ecologies, there are others where "anti-Gloger" coloration patterns exist. In some of these the selective agents are known and in others they are not. I present both Gloger and "anti-Gloger" cases and argue that this largely neglected aspect of plant biology deserves much more research attention.
格洛格法则认为，在潮湿环境中深色鸟类比在干旱环境中更为常见，尤其是在热带地区。因此，栖息在沙漠中的动物往往颜色较浅。这一规则在包括人类在内的某些哺乳动物群体中也成立。格洛格法则体现在两个层面：（1）物种层面（同一物种的不同种群在不同纬度具有不同的色素沉着），以及（2）物种集合层面（某一地理区域内的不同分类群与在不同栖息地或纬度发现的其他分类群具有不同的色素沉着）。关于植物，格洛格法则最初被认为适用于许多生长在沙丘、沙滩和沙漠中的植物物种，这些植物由于白色的毛状体、粘在粘性腺毛上的沙粒和粘土颗粒或浅色蜡质而呈现白色、微白色或银色。最近的研究表明，在保护花药免受紫外线辐射方面，格洛格法则在种内层面也成立。虽然格洛格法则在某些植物分类群和生态环境中成立，但也存在其他呈现“反格洛格”着色模式的情况。在其中一些情况中，选择因子是已知的，而在其他情况中则未知。我将展示格洛格法则和“反格洛格”的案例，并认为植物生物学中这一很大程度上被忽视的方面值得更多的研究关注。
