Miura Yuri, Endo Tamao
Research Team for Mechanism of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
Research Team for Mechanism of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016 Aug;1860(8):1608-14. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.01.013. Epub 2016 Jan 19.
Since glycosylation depends on glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, and sugar nucleotide donors, it is susceptible to the changes associated with physiological and pathological conditions. Therefore, alterations in glycan structures may be good targets and biomarkers for monitoring health conditions. Since human aging and longevity are affected by genetic and environmental factors such as diseases, lifestyle, and social factors, a scale that reflects various environmental factors is required in the study of human aging and longevity.
We herein focus on glycosylation changes elucidated by glycomic and glycoproteomic studies on aging, longevity, and age-related diseases including cognitive impairment, diabetes mellitus, and frailty. We also consider the potential of glycan structures as biomarkers and/or targets for monitoring physiological and pathophysiological changes.
Glycan structures are altered in age-related diseases. These glycans and glycoproteins may be involved in the pathophysiology of these diseases and, thus, be useful diagnostic markers. Age-dependent changes in N-glycans have been reported previously in cohort studies, and characteristic N-glycans in extreme longevity have been proposed. These findings may lead to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying aging as well as the factors influencing longevity.
Alterations in glycosylation may be good targets and biomarkers for monitoring health conditions, and be applicable to studies on age-related diseases and healthy aging. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Glycans in personalised medicine" Guest Editor: Professor Gordan Lauc.
由于糖基化依赖于糖基转移酶、糖苷酶和糖核苷酸供体，它易受与生理和病理状况相关的变化影响。因此，聚糖结构的改变可能是监测健康状况的良好靶点和生物标志物。由于人类衰老和长寿受到遗传和环境因素（如疾病、生活方式和社会因素）的影响，在人类衰老和长寿研究中需要一个反映各种环境因素的量表。
我们在此关注糖组学和糖蛋白质组学研究阐明的关于衰老、长寿以及包括认知障碍、糖尿病和虚弱在内的与年龄相关疾病的糖基化变化。我们还考虑聚糖结构作为监测生理和病理生理变化的生物标志物和/或靶点的潜力。
聚糖结构在与年龄相关的疾病中发生改变。这些聚糖和糖蛋白可能参与这些疾病的病理生理学过程，因此可能是有用的诊断标志物。队列研究先前已报道了N -聚糖的年龄依赖性变化，并提出了极端长寿人群中的特征性N -聚糖。这些发现可能有助于更深入地了解衰老的潜在机制以及影响长寿的因素。
糖基化的改变可能是监测健康状况的良好靶点和生物标志物，适用于与年龄相关疾病和健康衰老的研究。本文是名为“个性化医学中的聚糖”特刊的一部分 客座编辑：戈尔丹·劳克教授。
