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苹果绵蚜(Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann))(半翅目:蚜总科:瘿蚜科)的口器结构

Mouthpart structure in the woolly apple aphid Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann) (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea: Pemphigidae).

作者信息

Ge Furong, Dietrich Chris, Dai Wu

机构信息

Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Integrated Management of the Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.

Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1816 S. Oak St., Champaign, IL 61820, USA.

出版信息

Arthropod Struct Dev. 2016 May;45(3):230-41. doi: 10.1016/j.asd.2016.01.005. Epub 2016 Jan 20.

Abstract

Mouthparts are important sensory and feeding structures in insects and differences in mouthpart structure reflect differences among lineages in feeding strategy and behavior. The woolly apple aphid (WAA), Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann), is an important pest of apple orchards worldwide, causing direct damage through feeding by the highly specialized piercing-sucking mouthparts. To obtain a better understanding of feeding, the morphology of mouthparts of the WAA was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mouthparts of E. lanigerum are similar to those of previously studied aphid species in most aspects and composed of a cone-shaped labrum, a tube-like, four-segmented labium with a deep groove on the anterior side, and a stylet fascicle consisting of two mandibular and two maxillary stylets. The sculpturing on the lateral margin of the distal extremity of the maxillary stylets and a dentate protuberance at the very sharp tip are newly observed features that distinguish E. lanigerum from other aphids and Auchenorrhyncha. Also, there is a common duct in E. lanigerum as based on SEM. Two types of sensilla trichodea and three types of sensilla basiconica occur at different locations on the labium; the labial tip has eight pairs of small sensilla basiconica. The morphology of the mouthparts and the distribution of sensilla located on the labium in E. lanigerum are discussed with respect to their possible taxonomic and functional significance.

摘要

口器是昆虫重要的感觉和取食结构,口器结构的差异反映了不同谱系在取食策略和行为上的差异。苹果绵蚜(Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann))是全球苹果园的重要害虫,其高度特化的刺吸式口器取食会造成直接损害。为了更好地了解取食情况,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对苹果绵蚜口器的形态进行了研究。苹果绵蚜的口器在大多数方面与先前研究的蚜虫种类相似,由一个锥形上唇、一个前侧有深沟的管状四节下唇以及一个由两根下颚针和两根上颚针组成的口针束组成。上颚针远端外侧边缘的雕刻以及非常尖锐的顶端的齿状突起是新观察到的特征,这些特征将苹果绵蚜与其他蚜虫和头喙亚目区分开来。此外,基于扫描电子显微镜观察,苹果绵蚜存在一个共同导管。两种类型的毛形感器和三种类型的锥形感器出现在下唇的不同位置;唇尖有八对小锥形感器。本文讨论了苹果绵蚜口器的形态以及下唇上感器的分布及其可能的分类学和功能意义。

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