Evenson Alexa L, Sanders Gregory F
Alexa L. Evenson, PhD, RD, The College of Saint Benedict/Saint John's University, St. Joseph, MN. Gregory F. Sanders, PhD, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND.
Orthop Nurs. 2016 Jan-Feb;35(1):30-6; quiz 37-8. doi: 10.1097/NOR.0000000000000211.
Successful prevention of osteoporosis begins early in life. Adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D plays a role in this prevention along with knowledge, health beliefs, and self-efficacy related to preventive dietary behaviors.
The purpose of this theory-based study was to examine young adults' knowledge of osteoporosis, health beliefs, self-efficacy, dietary calcium, and vitamin D intakes as measures of preventive behaviors.
A pre-/posttest design was used to determine knowledge, health beliefs, and self-efficacy. A convenience sample of young adults (n = 153) was obtained at a Midwestern college. Participants completed pre- and postquestionnaires that included an osteoporosis knowledge test, health belief scale, self-efficacy scale, and 3-day food records.
Health beliefs were a significant predictor of dietary calcium intake and vitamin D intake. Both interventions increased osteoporosis knowledge and health beliefs but not self-efficacy. No differences were found between genders. Both interventions did not significantly alter dietary behavior; however, average dietary calcium intake met current recommendations.
Either educational method could be implemented in courses or community education to increase knowledge and health beliefs.
成功预防骨质疏松症始于生命早期。充足的钙和维生素D摄入以及与预防性饮食行为相关的知识、健康信念和自我效能在这种预防中发挥作用。
这项基于理论的研究旨在考察年轻人对骨质疏松症的知识、健康信念、自我效能、膳食钙和维生素D摄入量，以此作为预防行为的衡量指标。
采用前测/后测设计来确定知识、健康信念和自我效能。在一所中西部大学获取了一个年轻成年人的便利样本（n = 153）。参与者完成了前后问卷，其中包括骨质疏松症知识测试、健康信念量表、自我效能量表和3天食物记录。
健康信念是膳食钙摄入量和维生素D摄入量的重要预测因素。两种干预措施都增加了骨质疏松症知识和健康信念，但没有提高自我效能。未发现性别差异。两种干预措施均未显著改变饮食行为；然而，平均膳食钙摄入量符合当前建议。
可以在课程或社区教育中实施这两种教育方法，以增加知识和健康信念。
