Maceratini R, Rafanelli M, Pisanelli D M, Crollari S
Istituto IV Clinica Chirurgica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Italy.
J Biomed Eng. 1989 Nov;11(6):487-510. doi: 10.1016/0141-5425(89)90045-9.
In this paper, after reviewing the main issue in artificial intelligence, decision support systems, medical decision-making, expert systems and some of their applications in medicine, we focus on the diagnostic aspect of pancreatic cancer. We briefly examine the most significant applications both from the oncological and from the diagnostic point of view. We discuss the medical problems mentioning incidence and mortality, aetiological factors and diagnosis, considering the roles of surgery and adjuvant therapies. Finally we justify the decision to develop an expert system in such a medical domain and discuss the SPES (Surgical Pancreatic Expert System) project, its parts dealing with the different medical phases of pancreatic cancer diagnosis and therapy: pre-operative, intra-operative and adjuvant therapies. In particular we discuss diagnostic aspects of pancreatic cancer disease, pointing out the aims of the project, methodologies, tools used and future developments.
在本文中，我们回顾了人工智能、决策支持系统、医学决策、专家系统中的主要问题及其在医学中的一些应用，之后聚焦于胰腺癌的诊断方面。我们从肿瘤学和诊断学角度简要审视了最重要的应用。我们讨论了发病率、死亡率、病因因素和诊断等医学问题，并考虑了手术和辅助治疗的作用。最后，我们阐述了在这样一个医学领域开发专家系统的决策依据，并讨论了SPES（外科胰腺专家系统）项目，及其处理胰腺癌诊断和治疗不同医学阶段（术前、术中及辅助治疗）的各个部分。特别是，我们讨论了胰腺癌疾病的诊断方面，指出了该项目的目标、方法、所使用的工具以及未来的发展方向。
