Lee Carol, Walters Elizabeth, Borger Rodney, Clem Kathleen, Fenati Gregory, Kiemeney Michael, Seng Sakona, Yuen Ho-Wang, Neeki Michael, Smith Dustin
Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Colton, California.
Loma Linda University Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Loma Linda, California.
West J Emerg Med. 2016 Jan;17(1):1-7. doi: 10.5811/westjem.2016.1.29720. Epub 2016 Jan 12.
On December 2, 2015, a terror attack in the city of San Bernardino, California killed 14 Americans and injured 22 in the deadliest attack on U.S. soil since September 11, 2001. Although emergency personnel and law enforcement officials frequently deal with multi-casualty incidents (MCIs), what occurred that day required an unprecedented response. Most of the severely injured victims were transported to either Loma Linda University Medical Center (LLUMC) or Arrowhead Regional Medical Center (ARMC). These two hospitals operate two designated trauma centers in the region and played crucial roles during the massive response that followed this attack. In an effort to shed a light on our response to others, we provide an account of how these two teaching hospitals prepared for and coordinated the medical care of these victims. In general, both centers were able to quickly mobilize large number of staff and resources. Prior disaster drills proved to be invaluable. Both centers witnessed excellent teamwork and coordination involving first responders, law enforcement, administration, and medical personnel from multiple specialty services. Those of us working that day felt safe and protected. Although we did identify areas we could have improved upon, including patchy communication and crowd-control, they were minor in nature and did not affect patient care. MCIs pose major challenges to emergency departments and trauma centers across the country. Responding to such incidents requires an ever-evolving approach as no two incidents will present exactly alike. It is our hope that this article will foster discussion and lead to improvements in management of future MCIs.
2015年12月2日，加利福尼亚州圣贝纳迪诺市发生一起恐怖袭击事件，造成14名美国人死亡，22人受伤，这是自2001年9月11日以来美国本土发生的最致命袭击。尽管急救人员和执法官员经常应对多伤亡事件（MCI），但当天发生的事件需要前所未有的应对措施。大多数重伤受害者被送往洛马林达大学医学中心（LLUMC）或箭头区域医疗中心（ARMC）。这两家医院在该地区运营着两个指定的创伤中心，在此次袭击后的大规模应对行动中发挥了关键作用。为了让大家了解我们对他人的应对措施，我们讲述了这两家教学医院如何为这些受害者的医疗护理做准备并进行协调。总体而言，两个中心都能够迅速调动大量的工作人员和资源。先前的灾难演习证明是非常宝贵的。两个中心都见证了急救人员、执法人员、管理人员以及来自多个专科服务部门的医务人员之间出色的团队合作与协调。那天工作的我们感到安全且受到了保护。尽管我们确实发现了一些可以改进的地方，包括沟通不畅和人群控制问题，但这些问题性质较小，并未影响患者护理。多伤亡事件给全国各地的急诊科和创伤中心带来了重大挑战。应对此类事件需要不断发展的方法，因为没有两起事件会完全相同。我们希望本文能促进讨论，并带来未来多伤亡事件管理方面的改进。
