Chi Mei-Ju, Shyu Meei-Ling, Wang Shou-Yu, Chuang Hsiu-Ching, Chuang Yeu-Hui
Assistant Professor, School of Gerontology Health Management, and Master Program in Long-term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Assistant Professor, School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
J Nurs Scholarsh. 2016 Mar;48(2):172-8. doi: 10.1111/jnu.12197. Epub 2016 Jan 29.
The possibilities that nurses will take care of persons 65 years of age or older in hospitals and communities are increasing due to a growing aged population. Nursing students should be prepared to face the challenges of their future practice. Therefore, factors associated with nursing students' willingness to care for older adults need to be identified.
This study aimed to explore Taiwanese nursing students' willingness to work with older persons and factors associated with this.
A cross-sectional research design was used. Stratified sampling was applied to recruit participants from seven nursing schools in northern, central, southern, and eastern areas of Taiwan. There were 612 nursing students who successful completed the questionnaire including demographic data, the Attitudes Toward the Elderly Scale, and the Willingness Toward the Elderly Care Scale. Data were collected between November 2012 and January 2013. A stepwise regression analysis was conducted to identify predictors of nursing students' willingness to care for older adults.
The mean score of nursing students' attitudes toward older people was 73.86 (SD = 8.9), with a range of 44-106. The mean score on the willingness to care for older adults was 55.01 (SD = 6.4), with a range of 36-75. The length of time with older adults per week (r = 0.12, p = .003) and grandparents having served as caregivers during the students' childhood (t = -2.147, β = .032) were both positively associated with the willingness to care for older adults. The best predictors of nursing students' willingness to care for older adults were students' attitudes toward older adults (β = 0.38, p < .001), paying attention to issues related to older adults (β = 0.24, p < .001), and having the experience of being a volunteer who served older people (β = 0.10, p = .005), which explained 26.8% of the total variance.
Taiwanese undergraduate nursing students had neutral to slightly favorable attitudes toward working with older adults. Nursing students' positive attitudes about older adults, paying attention to issues related to older adults, and having been a volunteer that served older people were predictors of their willingness to care for older persons. Appropriate and practical strategies should be developed for students in order to increase their preference for caring for older people.
The findings of this study can provide information for faculty members and clinical preceptors for designing curricula and related activities or arranging practicum in the future.
由于老年人口不断增加，护士在医院和社区照顾65岁及以上老人的可能性正在上升。护理专业学生应做好准备，迎接未来实践中的挑战。因此，需要确定与护理专业学生照顾老年人意愿相关的因素。
本研究旨在探讨台湾护理专业学生与老年人共事的意愿以及与之相关的因素。
采用横断面研究设计。运用分层抽样方法，从台湾北部、中部、南部和东部地区的七所护理学校招募参与者。共有612名护理专业学生成功完成了问卷，问卷包括人口统计学数据、老年人态度量表和老年护理意愿量表。数据收集于2012年11月至2013年1月期间。进行逐步回归分析，以确定护理专业学生照顾老年人意愿的预测因素。
护理专业学生对老年人态度的平均得分为73.86（标准差=8.9），范围为44 - 106。照顾老年人意愿的平均得分为55.01（标准差=6.4），范围为36 - 75。每周与老年人相处的时间（r = 0.12，p = .003）以及学生童年时期祖父母曾担任照顾者（t = -2.147，β = .032）均与照顾老年人的意愿呈正相关。护理专业学生照顾老年人意愿的最佳预测因素是学生对老年人的态度（β = 0.38，p < .001）、关注与老年人相关的问题（β = 0.24，p < .001）以及有作为志愿者服务老年人的经历（β = 0.10，p = .005），这三个因素解释了总方差的26.8%。
台湾本科护理专业学生对与老年人共事持中立至略积极的态度。护理专业学生对老年人的积极态度、关注与老年人相关的问题以及曾作为志愿者服务老年人是他们照顾老年人意愿的预测因素。应为学生制定适当且实用的策略，以提高他们照顾老年人的偏好。
本研究结果可为教师和临床带教老师在未来设计课程和相关活动或安排实习提供信息。
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