Magnússon T E
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1977 Jul;5(4):173-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.1977.tb01635.x.
This study was performed to elucidate the prevalence of hypodontia and congenital malformations of permanent teeth in Iceland. Computer analysis was done on the basis of results from examining 1,116 children (521 boys and 595 girls), or about 9.5% of all schoolchildren in Reykjavík in stages DS 3 (canines and premolars erupting) and DS 4 (canines and premolars fully erupted) of dental development at the time of the study. The age range was mainly from 8-16 years. The prevalence of congenitally missing teeth (second and third molars excluded) was 6.7% in boys and somewhat higher, 8.9%, in girls, 7.9% for both sexes combined. On the average, each child was missing 1.9 teeth. In the girls, the most commonly absent teeth were the mandibular second premolar (55%), the maxillary second premolar (19%), and the maxillary lateral incisors (18%). In the boys the figures were 51%, 18%, and 10%, respectively. Malformation of permanent teeth, mainly in the form of pegshaped maxillary laterals, was also less common in the boys, 1.3% against 3.0% in the girls, and 2.2% for both sexes combined. Among Icelandic children hypodontia and/or congenital malformation of permanent teeth were found in 9.1%.
本研究旨在阐明冰岛恒牙先天缺牙和先天性畸形的患病率。根据对1116名儿童（521名男孩和595名女孩）的检查结果进行计算机分析，这些儿童约占研究时雷克雅未克所有处于牙齿发育DS 3期（犬齿和前磨牙萌出）和DS 4期（犬齿和前磨牙完全萌出）的学童的9.5%。年龄范围主要为8至16岁。先天性缺牙（不包括第二和第三磨牙）的患病率在男孩中为6.7%，在女孩中略高，为8.9%，男女合计为7.9%。平均而言，每个儿童缺牙1.9颗。在女孩中，最常缺失的牙齿是下颌第二前磨牙（55%）、上颌第二前磨牙（19%）和上颌侧切牙（18%）。在男孩中，相应的数字分别为51%、18%和10%。恒牙畸形主要表现为上颌侧切牙呈钉状，在男孩中也较少见，男孩为1.3%，女孩为3.0%，男女合计为2.2%。在冰岛儿童中，发现9.1%的儿童有恒牙先天缺牙和/或先天性畸形。
