Swarnalatha C, Paruchuri Ujwala, Babu J Suresh, Alquraishi Mohammad Abdullah, Almalaq Saleh Ali, Alnasrallah Fahad Abdulrahman, Nayyar Abhishek Singh
Division of Periodontology, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Department of Orthodontics and Dento-facial Orthopedics, Gitam Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
J Orthod Sci. 2020 Nov 2;9:15. doi: 10.4103/jos.JOS_28_19. eCollection 2020.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors (LIs) and to find out its variability in relation to gender. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out between January 2017 and December 2017. Orthopantomographs (OPGs) and lateral cephalographs record search of all orthodontic adolescent patients aged 12 to 18 years were taken from the archival records of the department. Orthopantomographs helped to diagnose the presence of unilateral/bilateral maxillary lateral incisors while the ANB angle was calculated from the lateral cephalographs to divide the subjects into various skeletal malocclusions. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 17.0). The frequencies were compared with the help of the Chi-square test. <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The frequency of missing upper laterals among the male patients was 0.9%, however, 2.8% of the female patients were having missing maxillary lateral incisors. Based on gender, 62.16% had a bilateral expression of missing upper laterals, 16.21% had left unilateral expression, and 21.62% had right unilateral expression. Furthermore, skeletal class I malocclusion had a prevalence of 54.16% of bilateral missing lateral incisors in upper arch as compared to 40% of left unilateral expression and 37.5% of right unilateral expression whereas in skeletal class II malocclusion, the prevalence of right unilateral expression was 37.5% as compared to bilateral expression which was 33.33%. The left unilateral expression in skeletal class II malocclusion was found to be only 20%. The highest prevalence of missing laterals in skeletal class III malocclusion was left unilateral expression which was around 40%. The prevalence of right unilateral expression was 25% whereas the bilateral absence of upper laterals in skeletal class III malocclusion was 12.5%. CONCLUSION: The prevalence rate for congenitally missing upper lateral incisors in the orthodontic adolescent population aged 12 to 18 years was found to be 3.77% in the present study while females were found to have a greater percentage of agenesis of the upper lateral incisors (2.8%) as compared to the males (0.9%).
目的：确定上颌侧切牙先天性缺失的发生率，并找出其在性别方面的差异。 材料与方法：于2017年1月至2017年12月进行一项回顾性研究。从该科室的档案记录中获取所有年龄在12至18岁的正畸青少年患者的曲面体层摄影片（OPG）和头颅侧位片记录。曲面体层摄影片有助于诊断单侧/双侧上颌侧切牙的情况，而从头颅侧位片中计算ANB角，以将受试者分为不同的骨性错 畸形类型。 所用统计分析方法：使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS 17.0版）进行统计分析。借助卡方检验比较发生率。P<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。 结果：男性患者中上颌侧切牙缺失的发生率为0.9%，然而，2.8%的女性患者存在上颌侧切牙缺失。基于性别，62.16%为双侧上颌侧切牙缺失，16.21%为左侧单侧缺失，21.62%为右侧单侧缺失。此外，骨性I类错 畸形中，上颌双侧侧切牙缺失的患病率为54.16%，左侧单侧缺失为40%，右侧单侧缺失为37.5%；而在骨性II类错 畸形中，右侧单侧缺失的患病率为37.5%，双侧缺失为33.33%。在骨性II类错 畸形中，左侧单侧缺失仅为20%。骨性III类错 畸形中侧切牙缺失的最高患病率是左侧单侧缺失，约为40%。右侧单侧缺失的患病率为25%，而骨性III类错 畸形中双侧上颌侧切牙缺失为12.5%。 结论：在本研究中，12至18岁正畸青少年人群中先天性上颌侧切牙缺失的患病率为3.77%，发现女性上颌侧切牙发育不全的比例（2.8%）高于男性（0.9%）。
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