Slattery David A, Hillerer Katharina M
Department of Behavioural and Molecular Neurobiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Salzburger Landeskrankenhaus (SALK), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
Front Neuroendocrinol. 2016 Apr;41:114-28. doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2016.01.004. Epub 2016 Jan 30.
The peripartum period represents a time during which all mammalian species undergo substantial physiological and behavioural changes, which prepare the female for the demands of motherhood. In addition to behavioural and physiological alterations, numerous brain regions, such as the medial prefrontal cortex, olfactory bulb, medial amygdala and hippocampus are subject to substantial peripartum-associated neuronal, dendritic and synaptic plasticity. These changes, which are temporally- and spatially-distinct, are strongly influenced by gonadal and adrenal hormones, such as estrogen and cortisol/corticosterone, which undergo dramatic fluctuations across this period. In this review, we describe our current knowledge regarding these plasticity changes and describe how stress affects such normal adaptations. Finally, we discuss the mechanisms potentially underlying these neuronal, dendritic and synaptic changes and their functional relevance for the mother and her offspring.
围产期是所有哺乳动物物种经历重大生理和行为变化的时期，这些变化使雌性为母亲的角色需求做好准备。除了行为和生理改变外，许多脑区，如内侧前额叶皮质、嗅球、内侧杏仁核和海马体，在围产期会经历与神经元、树突和突触可塑性相关的重大变化。这些在时间和空间上不同的变化，受到性腺和肾上腺激素（如雌激素和皮质醇/皮质酮）的强烈影响，这些激素在这一时期会发生剧烈波动。在这篇综述中，我们描述了我们目前关于这些可塑性变化的知识，并描述了压力如何影响这种正常适应。最后，我们讨论了这些神经元、树突和突触变化潜在的机制及其对母亲和后代的功能相关性。
