Calfapietra Carlo, Morani Arianna, Sgrigna Gregorio, Di Giovanni Sara, Muzzini Valerio, Pallozzi Emanuele, Guidolotti Gabriele, Nowak David, Fares Silvano
J Environ Qual. 2016 Jan;45(1):224-33. doi: 10.2134/jeq2015.01.0061.
A crucial issue in urban environments is the interaction between urban trees and atmospheric pollution, particularly ozone (O). Ozone represents one of the most harmful pollutants in urban and peri-urban environments, especially in warm climates. Besides the large interest in reducing anthropogenic and biogenic precursors of O emissions, there is growing scientific activity aimed at understanding O removal by vegetation, particularly trees. The intent of this paper is to provide the state of the art and suggestions to improve future studies of O fluxes and to discuss implications of O flux studies to maximize environmental services through the planning and management of urban forests. To evaluate and quantify the potential of O removal in urban and peri-urban forests, we describe experimental approaches to measure O fluxes, distinguishing laboratory experiments, field measurements, and model estimates, including recent case studies. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the different approaches and conclude that the combination of the three levels of investigation is essential for estimating O removal by urban trees. We also comment on the implications of these findings for planning and management of urban forests, suggesting some key issues that should be considered to maximize O removal by urban and peri-urban forests.
城市环境中的一个关键问题是城市树木与大气污染之间的相互作用，尤其是与臭氧（O₃）的相互作用。臭氧是城市和城郊环境中最有害的污染物之一，在温暖气候条件下尤为如此。除了人们对减少臭氧排放的人为和生物源前体有着浓厚兴趣外，旨在了解植被特别是树木对臭氧去除作用的科学活动也日益增多。本文的目的是介绍当前的技术水平，并提出改进未来臭氧通量研究的建议，同时讨论臭氧通量研究对通过城市森林规划和管理实现环境服务最大化的意义。为了评估和量化城市及城郊森林中臭氧去除的潜力，我们描述了测量臭氧通量的实验方法，区分了实验室实验、实地测量和模型估计，包括近期的案例研究。我们讨论了不同方法的优缺点，并得出结论：这三个研究层面的结合对于估算城市树木的臭氧去除量至关重要。我们还评论了这些研究结果对城市森林规划和管理的影响，提出了一些在最大化城市和城郊森林臭氧去除量时应考虑的关键问题。
