Thiagamoorthy Ganesh, Kotes Stephanie, Zacchè Martino, Cardozo Linda
Urogynaecology Department, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, UK.
Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta.
Ther Adv Urol. 2016 Feb;8(1):38-46. doi: 10.1177/1756287215614237.
Mirabegron, is the only β-3 adrenoreceptor (AR) agonist available for the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB). To assess the efficacy and tolerability of this novel drug therapy, two phase II and six phase III Astellas-sponsored trials have been conducted with over 10,500 adults with OAB recruited. Of these, seven were randomized, double blind, 12-week placebo controlled studies and the other was for 12 months and not placebo controlled. The evidence described would suggest that mirabegron is as efficacious as most antimuscarinics, including tolterodine extended release (ER) 4 mg, compared with placebo with regard to objective measures such as reduction in number of voids per 24 hours, mean volume per void, mean number of episodes of general urinary incontinence, urgency urinary incontinence and urgency per 24 hours; and subjective measures such as severity of urgency, patient perception of bladder condition and validated continence quality of life questionnaires. Regarding tolerability, these data would suggest that patients taking mirabegron suffer a similar rate of adverse effects as those taking placebo alone, whereas the rate in those taking antimuscarinics is greater. Thus mirabegron presents a safe and effective alternative treatment to antimuscarinics for patients with OAB symptoms. Patients who may particularly benefit from mirabegron include those who are unsuitable for antimuscarinics or who have previously struggled with antimuscarinic side effects.
米拉贝隆是唯一可用于治疗膀胱过度活动症(OAB)的β-3肾上腺素能受体(AR)激动剂。为评估这种新型药物治疗的疗效和耐受性,开展了两项由安斯泰来赞助的II期试验和六项III期试验,招募了超过10500名患有OAB的成年人。其中,七项为随机、双盲、为期12周的安慰剂对照研究,另一项为期12个月且无安慰剂对照。所述证据表明,与安慰剂相比,在诸如24小时排尿次数减少、每次排尿平均尿量、一般尿失禁发作平均次数、急迫性尿失禁以及24小时内尿急次数等客观指标方面,米拉贝隆与大多数抗毒蕈碱药物(包括4毫克缓释托特罗定)疗效相当;在诸如尿急严重程度、患者对膀胱状况的感知以及经过验证的尿失禁生活质量问卷等主观指标方面也是如此。关于耐受性,这些数据表明,服用米拉贝隆的患者出现不良反应的发生率与仅服用安慰剂的患者相似,而服用抗毒蕈碱药物的患者发生率更高。因此,对于有OAB症状的患者,米拉贝隆是一种安全有效的抗毒蕈碱替代治疗药物。可能特别受益于米拉贝隆的患者包括那些不适合使用抗毒蕈碱药物或之前曾受抗毒蕈碱药物副作用困扰的患者。