Stastny Petr, Maszczyk Adam, Tománková Kristina, Kubový Petr, Richtrová Michaela, Otáhal Jakub, Čichoň Rostislav, Mostowik Aleksandra, Żmijewski Piotr, Cięszczyk Paweł
Palacky University in Olomouc, Faculty of Physical Culture, Tr. Miru 115, post. 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Department of Theory and Practice of Sport; The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice; Poland.
J Hum Kinet. 2015 Jan 12;48:33-41. doi: 10.1515/hukin-2015-0089. eCollection 2015 Nov 22.
Amputee golfers need to cope with the absence of sole proprioception, a decreased range of swing motion and other factors which should be recognized for training purposes. The aim of this study was to determine the kinetic and kinematic differences in the golf swing in one leg and two legs amputees. The participants consisted of two males and one female at a professional or amateur level with a different degree of disability. Each participant was taped by 3D markers and performed five golf swings with the iron 6. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) did not vary between individuals in kinematics, however, it was low in kinetic variables of two leg amputees. The Kendal rank correlation showed a significant relationship between the level of amputation and a large number of kinetic and kinematic variables such as X factor, O factor, S factor and individual body angles. The fluency and similarity of the golf swing did not depend on the level of amputation. One lower limb amputation did not seem to increase movement variability contrary to two lower limb amputation. The most variable parameter was a weight-shift in all golfers. The takeaway and horizontal force angle depended on the level of amputation rather than individual technique, thus, their modification by training may be difficult. Estimation of golf swing "mistakes" in amputees in respect to the leading arm in an early follow or late follow position appeared to be useless.
截肢高尔夫球手需要应对足底本体感觉缺失、挥杆动作范围减小以及其他一些为训练目的应予以认识的因素。本研究的目的是确定单腿和双腿截肢者在高尔夫挥杆动作中的动力学和运动学差异。参与者包括两名男性和一名女性，处于职业或业余水平，残疾程度各不相同。每位参与者都被贴上了三维标记，并使用6号铁杆进行了五次高尔夫挥杆动作。组内相关系数（ICC）在运动学方面个体之间没有差异，然而，在双腿截肢者的动力学变量方面该系数较低。肯德尔等级相关性显示截肢程度与大量动力学和运动学变量之间存在显著关系，如X因子、O因子、S因子和个体身体角度。高尔夫挥杆动作的流畅性和相似性并不取决于截肢程度。与双腿截肢相反，单下肢截肢似乎不会增加动作变异性。所有高尔夫球手中最具变异性的参数是体重转移。上杆和水平力角度取决于截肢程度而非个人技术，因此，通过训练对其进行调整可能会很困难。在早期或晚期跟进位置，就领先手臂而言，对截肢者高尔夫挥杆“失误”的评估似乎毫无用处。
