Ommen Hans Beier
Department of Hematology, Aarhus University Hospital, Tage-Hansens gade 2, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark.
Ther Adv Hematol. 2016 Feb;7(1):3-16. doi: 10.1177/2040620715614529.
Several disease-monitoring techniques are available for the physician treating acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Besides immunohistochemistry assisted light microscopy, the past 20 years have seen the development and preclinical perfection of a number of techniques, most notably quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and multicolor flow cytometry. Late additions to the group of applicable assays include next generation sequencing and digital PCR. In this review the principles of use of these modalities at three different time points during the AML disease course are discussed, namely at the time of treatment evaluation, pretransplantation and postconsolidation. The drawbacks and pitfalls of each different technique are delineated. The evidence or lack of evidence for minimal residual disease guided treatment decisions is discussed. Lastly, future strategies in the MRD field are suggested and commented upon.
对于治疗急性髓系白血病（AML）的医生而言，有多种疾病监测技术可供使用。除了免疫组织化学辅助光学显微镜检查外，在过去20年里，一些技术得到了发展并在临床前臻于完善，最显著的是定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）和多色流式细胞术。适用于该组检测的较新方法包括下一代测序和数字PCR。在本综述中，将讨论这些方法在AML病程中三个不同时间点的使用原则，即在治疗评估时、移植前和巩固治疗后。阐述了每种不同技术的缺点和陷阱。讨论了微小残留病指导治疗决策的证据或缺乏证据的情况。最后，提出并评论了MRD领域的未来策略。
