Ishii Kazusa, Barrett Austin J
Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Stem Cell Allotransplantation Section, Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Ther Adv Hematol. 2016 Feb;7(1):17-39. doi: 10.1177/2040620715616544.
There have been major advances in our understanding of the multiple interactions between malignant cells and the innate and adaptive immune system. While the attention of immunologists has hitherto focused on solid tumors, the specific immunobiology of acute leukemias is now becoming defined. These discoveries have pointed the way to immune interventions building on the established graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect from hematopoietic stem-cell transplant (HSCT) and extending immunotherapy beyond HSCT to individuals with acute leukemia with a diversity of immune manipulations early in the course of the leukemia. At present, clinical results are in their infancy. In the coming years larger studies will better define the place of immunotherapy in the management of acute leukemias and lead to treatment approaches that combine conventional chemotherapy, immunotherapy and HSCT to achieve durable cures.
我们对恶性细胞与先天性和适应性免疫系统之间多种相互作用的理解取得了重大进展。虽然免疫学家迄今为止一直将注意力集中在实体瘤上，但急性白血病的特定免疫生物学现在正逐渐明确。这些发现为基于造血干细胞移植（HSCT）中已确立的移植物抗白血病（GVL）效应的免疫干预指明了方向，并将免疫治疗从HSCT扩展到白血病病程早期采用多种免疫操作的急性白血病患者。目前，临床结果尚处于起步阶段。在未来几年，更大规模的研究将更好地确定免疫治疗在急性白血病管理中的地位，并带来将传统化疗、免疫治疗和HSCT相结合以实现持久治愈的治疗方法。
