护理专业学生循证实践能力及其相关因素
Nursing Students' Competencies in Evidence-Based Practice and Its Related Factors.
作者信息
Ashktorab Tahereh, Pashaeypoor Shahzad, Rassouli Maryam, Alavi-Majd Hamid
机构信息
Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
Department of Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran.
出版信息
Nurs Midwifery Stud. 2015 Dec;4(4):e23047. doi: 10.17795/nmsjournal23047. Epub 2015 Dec 1.
BACKGROUND
Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) is one of the nursing professional roles that can lead them to provide the best and more effective care. However, no studies are available on nursing students' competencies in EBP.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to investigate the nursing students' knowledge, attitude and intention to implement EBP and its related factors in two nursing and midwifery faculties in Tehran, Iran.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, 170 undergraduate nursing students were selected from two faculties of nursing and midwifery in Tehran, Iran. A census sampling method was applied and they were all before graduation in 2013. The Rubin and Parrish questionnaire was used to assess the students' knowledge, attitude and intention to implement EBP as well as factors affecting the implementation of EBP. Students completed the instrument through self-report. Descriptive statistics, Independent sample t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data.
RESULTS
The students mean scores of knowledge, attitude and intention to implement EBP was 31.08 ± 5.77, 50.40 ± 9.58, 36.01 ± 4.64, respectively. The students' age was inversely correlated with their scores of knowledge, attitude and intention to use EBP (P < 0.05). However, the students' GPA was in direct association with their knowledge, attitude and intention to implement EBP (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the males and females mean scores in the three subscales. However, significant differences were found between the students mean scores in the two subscales of knowledge and attitudes toward EBP in terms of familiarity with statistics and research methods (P < 0.05). Neither familiarity with research methods nor familiarity with EBP could significantly affect the students' intention to implement EBP.
CONCLUSIONS
The present study showed that nursing students have not a high mean score in the three subscales of knowledge, attitude and intention to implement EBP. It is essential for faculties and nurse managers not only to focus on education of EBP, but also to support nurses and nursing students to implement it in the process patient care.
背景
循证实践（EBP）是护理专业角色之一，可引导护士提供最佳且更有效的护理。然而，目前尚无关于护理专业学生循证实践能力的研究。
目的
本研究旨在调查伊朗德黑兰两所护理与助产学院护理专业学生在循证实践方面的知识、态度、实施意愿及其相关因素。
材料与方法
在这项横断面研究中，从伊朗德黑兰的两所护理与助产学院选取了170名本科护理专业学生。采用普查抽样方法，他们均为2013年毕业前的学生。使用鲁宾和帕里什问卷评估学生在循证实践方面的知识、态度、实施意愿以及影响循证实践实施的因素。学生通过自填问卷完成该量表。采用描述性统计、独立样本t检验和皮尔逊相关系数对数据进行分析。
结果
学生在循证实践知识、态度和实施意愿方面的平均得分分别为31.08±5.77、50.40±9.58、36.01±4.64。学生年龄与他们在循证实践知识、态度和使用意愿得分呈负相关（P<0.05）。然而，学生的平均绩点与他们在循证实践方面的知识、态度和实施意愿呈正相关（P<0.05）。在三个分量表中，男女生的平均得分无显著差异。然而，在统计学和研究方法的熟悉程度方面，学生在循证实践知识和态度这两个分量表的平均得分存在显著差异（P<0.05）。对研究方法的熟悉程度和对循证实践的熟悉程度均未对学生实施循证实践的意愿产生显著影响。
结论
本研究表明，护理专业学生在循证实践知识、态度和实施意愿这三个分量表上的平均得分不高。各学院和护士长不仅要注重循证实践教育，还应支持护士和护理专业学生在患者护理过程中实施循证实践。
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