Batra Manu, Shah Aasim Farooq, Rajput Prashant, Shah Ishrat Aasim
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital, Srinagar, India.
J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2016 Jan-Mar;34(1):71-5. doi: 10.4103/0970-4388.175521.
Dental caries among children has been described as a pandemic disease with a multifactorial nature. Various sociodemographic factors and oral hygiene practices are commonly tested for their influence on dental caries. In recent years, a recent statistical model that allows for covariate adjustment has been developed and is commonly referred zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) models.
To compare the fit of the two models, the conventional linear regression (LR) model and ZINB model to assess the risk factors associated with dental caries.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 1138 12-year-old school children in Moradabad Town, Uttar Pradesh during months of February-August 2014. Selected participants were interviewed using a questionnaire. Dental caries was assessed by recording decayed, missing, or filled teeth (DMFT) index.
To assess the risk factor associated with dental caries in children, two approaches have been applied - LR model and ZINB model.
The prevalence of caries-free subjects was 24.1%, and mean DMFT was 3.4 ± 1.8. In LR model, all the variables were statistically significant. Whereas in ZINB model, negative binomial part showed place of residence, father's education level, tooth brushing frequency, and dental visit statistically significant implying that the degree of being caries-free (DMFT = 0) increases for group of children who are living in urban, whose father is university pass out, who brushes twice a day and if have ever visited a dentist.
The current study report that the LR model is a poorly fitted model and may lead to spurious conclusions whereas ZINB model has shown better goodness of fit (Akaike information criterion values - LR: 3.94; ZINB: 2.39) and can be preferred if high variance and number of an excess of zeroes are present.
儿童龋齿被描述为一种具有多因素性质的大流行疾病。人们通常会测试各种社会人口学因素和口腔卫生习惯对龋齿的影响。近年来，一种允许进行协变量调整的统计模型已被开发出来，通常被称为零膨胀负二项式（ZINB）模型。
比较传统线性回归（LR）模型和ZINB模型的拟合优度，以评估与龋齿相关的风险因素。
2014年2月至8月期间，对印度北方邦莫拉达巴德镇1138名12岁学童进行了横断面调查。使用问卷对选定的参与者进行访谈。通过记录龋齿、缺失或填充牙（DMFT）指数来评估龋齿情况。
为评估儿童龋齿的风险因素，采用了两种方法——LR模型和ZINB模型。
无龋受试者的患病率为24.1%，平均DMFT为3.4±1.8。在LR模型中，所有变量均具有统计学意义。而在ZINB模型中，负二项式部分显示居住地、父亲的教育水平、刷牙频率和看牙医情况具有统计学意义，这意味着居住在城市、父亲为大学毕业、每天刷牙两次且看过牙医的儿童群体无龋（DMFT = 0）程度增加。
当前研究报告称，LR模型拟合不佳，可能导致虚假结论，而ZINB模型显示出更好的拟合优度（赤池信息准则值——LR：3.94；ZINB：2.39），如果存在高方差和大量零值，则更适合采用ZINB模型。
