Moraes-Filho Joaquim Prado, Quigley Eamonn M M
Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Texas, United States.
Arq Gastroenterol. 2015 Dec;52(4):331-8. doi: 10.1590/S0004-28032015000400015.
Irritable bowel syndrome is a common, chronic relapsing gastrointestinal disorder that affects 7%-22% of the population worldwide. According to Rome III Criteria, the disorder is defined by the coexistence of abdominal discomfort or pain associated with an alteration in bowel habits. Its pathophysiology is not completely understood but, in addition to some important abnormalities, the disturbed intestinal microbiota has also been described supported by several strands of evidence. The treatment of irritable bowel syndrome is based upon several therapeutic approaches but few have been successful or without adverse events and more recently the gut microbiota and the use of probiotics have emerged as a factor to be considered. Probiotics are live micro-organisms which when consumed in adequate amounts confer a health benefit to the host, such as Lactic bacteria among others. An important scientific rationale has emerged for the use of probiotics in irritable bowel syndrome, although the data regarding different species are still limited. Not all probiotics are beneficial: it is important to select the specific strain which should be supported by good evidence base. The mechanisms of action of probiotics are described and the main strains are quoted.
肠易激综合征是一种常见的慢性复发性胃肠道疾病，影响全球7%-22%的人口。根据罗马III标准，该疾病的定义是腹部不适或疼痛与排便习惯改变同时存在。其病理生理学尚未完全了解，但除了一些重要异常外，肠道微生物群紊乱也有几条证据支持。肠易激综合征的治疗基于多种治疗方法，但很少有成功且无不良事件的，最近肠道微生物群和益生菌的使用已成为一个需要考虑的因素。益生菌是活的微生物，当摄入足够量时可给宿主带来健康益处，例如乳酸菌等。尽管关于不同菌种的数据仍然有限，但使用益生菌治疗肠易激综合征已经出现了重要的科学依据。并非所有益生菌都是有益的：选择有充分证据支持的特定菌株很重要。文中描述了益生菌的作用机制并列举了主要菌株。
