Kitley Joanna, Palace Jackie
a Department of Neurology, Wessex Neurological Centre , Southampton General Hospital , Southampton , UK.
b Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Level 3 West Wing , Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Oxford , Oxford , UK.
Expert Rev Neurother. 2016;16(3):319-29. doi: 10.1586/14737175.2016.1150178.
Neuromyelitis optica is a relapsing inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system that manifests predominantly with attacks of optic neuritis and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis; attacks are often severe. In contrast to multiple sclerosis, a secondary progressive phase is rare, and disability in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders is related to relapses. Thus, prompt and effective treatment of relapses, and early initiation of long-term immunosuppression to prevent subsequent attacks is required in order to prevent morbidity and mortality.
视神经脊髓炎是一种中枢神经系统的复发性炎性疾病，主要表现为视神经炎发作和纵向广泛横贯性脊髓炎；发作通常较为严重。与多发性硬化症不同，继发进展期罕见，视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病中的残疾与复发有关。因此，为预防发病和死亡，需要迅速有效地治疗复发，并尽早开始长期免疫抑制以预防后续发作。
