Liu Tao, Li Jian-Jun, Zhao Zhong-Yan, Yang Guo-Shuai, Pan Meng-Jie, Li Chang-Qing, Pan Su-Yue, Chen Feng
From the Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou (TL, GY, SP); Department of Neurology (TL, ZZ); and Department of Radiology, People's Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, China (JL, MP, CL, FC) in this site.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Feb;95(5):e2638. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000002638.
It has been suggested by the first voxel-based morphometry investigation that betel quid dependence (BQD) individuals are presented with brain structural changes in previous reports, and there may be a neurobiological basis for BQD individuals related to an increased risk of executive dysfunction and disinhibition, subjected to the reward system, cognitive system, and emotion system. However, the effects of BQD on neural activity remain largely unknown. Individuals with impaired cognitive control of behavior often reveal altered spontaneous cerebral activity in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and those changes are usually earlier than structural alteration.Here, we examined BQD individuals (n = 33) and age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy control participants (n = 32) in an resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study to observe brain function alterations associated with the severity of BQD. Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) values were both evaluated to stand for spontaneous cerebral activity. Gray matter volumes of these participants were also calculated for covariate.In comparison with healthy controls, BQD individuals demonstrated dramatically decreased ALFF and ReHo values in the prefrontal gurus along with left fusiform, and increased ALFF and ReHo values in the primary motor cortex area, temporal lobe as well as some regions of occipital lobe. The betel quid dependence scores (BQDS) were negatively related to decreased activity in the right anterior cingulate.The abnormal spontaneous cerebral activity revealed by ALFF and ReHo calculation excluding the structural differences in patients with BQD may help us probe into the neurological pathophysiology underlying BQD-related executive dysfunction and disinhibition. Diminished spontaneous brain activity in the right anterior cingulate cortex may, therefore, represent a biomarker of BQD individuals.
基于体素的形态学首次研究表明，在先前的报告中，槟榔咀嚼成瘾（BQD）个体存在脑结构变化，并且对于BQD个体而言，可能存在一种神经生物学基础，与执行功能障碍和去抑制风险增加相关，涉及奖赏系统、认知系统和情感系统。然而，BQD对神经活动的影响在很大程度上仍然未知。行为认知控制受损的个体在静息态功能磁共振成像中常表现出自发性脑活动改变，且这些变化通常早于结构改变。在此，我们在一项静息态功能磁共振成像研究中检查了BQD个体（n = 33）以及年龄、性别和教育程度匹配的健康对照参与者（n = 32），以观察与BQD严重程度相关的脑功能改变。评估了低频波动幅度（ALFF）和局部一致性（ReHo）值来代表自发性脑活动。还计算了这些参与者的灰质体积作为协变量。与健康对照相比，BQD个体在前额叶皮质、左侧梭状回中表现出显著降低的ALFF和ReHo值，而在初级运动皮质区域、颞叶以及枕叶的一些区域中表现出增加的ALFF和ReHo值。槟榔咀嚼成瘾分数（BQDS）与右侧前扣带回活动减少呈负相关。通过ALFF和ReHo计算揭示的异常自发性脑活动，排除了BQD患者的结构差异，可能有助于我们探究BQD相关执行功能障碍和去抑制背后的神经病理生理学。因此，右侧前扣带回皮质中自发性脑活动减弱可能代表了BQD个体的一种生物标志物。
