Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, CDC.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2016 Feb 5;65(4):83-5. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6504a3.
A primary goal of the national human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) Strategy is to reduce HIV-related health disparities (1). Among all HIV diagnoses among women in the United States in 2014, non-Hispanic black or African American (black) women accounted for an estimated 62% of diagnoses, despite constituting only 13% of the female population (2,3). Although HIV diagnoses continue to occur disproportionately among black women, HIV surveillance data indicate a 13.5% decrease in diagnoses from 2012 to 2014 (2,4). However, widespread HIV testing and early linkage to care are critical for persons with HIV to achieve viral suppression and improved health outcomes, and to reduce transmission of HIV to others (5). Analysis of CDC-funded program data on HIV testing services provided to black females and submitted by 61 state and local health departments during 2012-2014 revealed that the number of new HIV diagnoses among black females decreased 17% from 2,177 in 2012 to 1,806 in 2014. Among black females with newly diagnosed HIV infection, the percentage who were linked to HIV medical care within 90 days of diagnosis increased 48.2%, from 33.8% in 2012 to 50.1% in 2014. However, in 2010 the National HIV/AIDS Strategy established a goal to link 85% of persons with newly diagnosed HIV infection to HIV medical care (1). Enhanced efforts to diagnose HIV infection among black females and link them to HIV medical care are critical to address HIV infections in the United States.
国家人类免疫缺陷病毒/获得性免疫缺陷综合征(HIV/AIDS)战略的一个主要目标是减少与 HIV 相关的健康差异(1)。2014 年,在美国所有女性 HIV 诊断中,非西班牙裔黑人和非洲裔美国女性(黑人)占估计诊断数的 62%,尽管她们只占女性人口的 13%(2,3)。尽管 HIV 诊断继续不成比例地发生在黑人女性中,但 HIV 监测数据表明,2012 年至 2014 年诊断数下降了 13.5%(2,4)。然而,广泛的 HIV 检测和早期与护理机构联系对于 HIV 感染者实现病毒抑制和改善健康结果以及减少 HIV 向他人传播至关重要(5)。对 2012-2014 年期间 61 个州和地方卫生部门提供的针对黑人女性的 HIV 检测服务的 CDC 资助项目数据进行分析显示,黑人女性中新发 HIV 诊断数从 2012 年的 2177 例下降到 2014 年的 1806 例,下降了 17%。在新诊断为 HIV 感染的黑人女性中,90 天内与 HIV 医疗保健机构联系的比例增加了 48.2%,从 2012 年的 33.8%增加到 2014 年的 50.1%。然而,在 2010 年,国家 HIV/AIDS 战略制定了一个目标,即把 85%新诊断为 HIV 感染的人联系到 HIV 医疗保健机构(1)。加强对黑人女性中 HIV 感染的诊断,并将她们与 HIV 医疗保健机构联系起来,对于解决美国的 HIV 感染问题至关重要。
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