Guggenheim J A, Williams C
School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Eye (Lond). 2016 Apr;30(4):608-14. doi: 10.1038/eye.2016.7. Epub 2016 Feb 5.
Historical reports suggest febrile illness during childhood is a risk factor for myopia. The establishment of the UK Biobank provided a unique opportunity to investigate this relationship.
We studied a sample of UK Biobank participants of White ethnicity aged 40-69 years old who underwent autorefraction (N=91 592) and were classified as myopic (≤-0.75 Dioptres (D)), highly myopic (≤-6.00 D), or non-myopic (>-0.75 D). Self-reported age at diagnosis of past medical conditions was ascertained during an interview with a nurse at a Biobank assessment centre. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) for myopia or high myopia associated with a diagnosis before age 17 years of each of nine febrile illnesses, after adjusting for potential confounders (age, sex, highest educational qualification, and birth order).
Rubella, mumps, and pertussis were associated with myopia: rubella, OR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.03-1.85, P=0.030; mumps, OR=1.32, 95% CI: 1.07-1.64, P=0.010; and pertussis, OR=1.39, 95% CI 1.03-1.87, P=0.029. Measles, rubella, and pertussis were associated with high myopia: measles, OR=1.48, 95% CI: 1.07-2.07, P=0.019; rubella, OR=1.94, 95% CI: 1.12-3.35, P=0.017; and pertussis, OR=2.15, 95% CI: 1.24-3.71, P=0.006. The evidence did not support an interaction between education and febrile illness in explaining the above risks.
A history of childhood measles, rubella, or pertussis was associated with high myopia, whereas a history of childhood rubella, mumps, or pertussis was associated with any myopia. The reasons for these associations are unclear.
历史报告表明儿童期发热性疾病是近视的一个风险因素。英国生物银行的建立提供了一个独特的机会来研究这种关系。
我们研究了英国生物银行中年龄在40 - 69岁的白人参与者样本,这些参与者接受了自动验光(N = 91592),并被分类为近视(≤ - 0.75屈光度(D))、高度近视(≤ - 6.00 D)或非近视(> - 0.75 D)。在生物银行评估中心与护士的访谈中确定了过去医疗状况诊断时的自我报告年龄。在调整了潜在混杂因素(年龄、性别、最高学历和出生顺序)后,使用逻辑回归分析来计算与九种发热性疾病中每种疾病17岁前诊断相关的近视或高度近视的优势比(OR)。
风疹、腮腺炎和百日咳与近视相关:风疹,OR = 1.38,95% CI:1.03 - 1.85,P = 0.030;腮腺炎,OR = 1.32,95% CI:1.07 - 1.64,P = 0.010;百日咳,OR = 1.39,95% CI 1.03 - 1.87,P = 0.029。麻疹、风疹和百日咳与高度近视相关:麻疹,OR = 1.48,95% CI:1.07 - 2.07,P = 0.019;风疹,OR = 1.94,95% CI:1.12 - 3.35,P = 0.017;百日咳,OR = 2.15,95% CI:1.24 - 3.71,P = 0.006。证据不支持教育与发热性疾病之间在解释上述风险方面存在相互作用。
儿童期麻疹、风疹或百日咳病史与高度近视相关,而儿童期风疹、腮腺炎或百日咳病史与任何近视相关。这些关联的原因尚不清楚。