Liu Zhouping, Ding Yanfei, Wang Feijuan, Ye Yaoyao, Zhu Cheng
College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China.
Plant Cell Rep. 2016 Apr;35(4):719-31. doi: 10.1007/s00299-015-1925-3. Epub 2016 Feb 5.
We review and introduce the importance of salicylic acid in plants under cadmium stress, and provide insights into potential regulatory mechanisms for alleviating cadmium toxicity. Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread and potentially toxic environmental pollutant, originating mainly from rapid industrial processes, the application of fertilizers, manures and sewage sludge, and urban activities. It is easily taken up by plants, resulting in obvious toxicity symptoms, including growth retardation, leaf chlorosis, leaf and root necrosis, altered structures and ultrastructures, inhibition of photosynthesis, and cell death. Therefore, alleviating Cd toxicity in plants is a major aim of plant research. Salicylic acid (SA) is a ubiquitous plant phenolic compound that has been used in many plant species to alleviate Cd toxicity by regulating plant growth, reducing Cd uptake and distribution in plants, protecting membrane integrity and stability, scavenging reactive oxygen species and enhancing antioxidant defense system, improving photosynthetic capacity. Furthermore, SA functions as a signaling molecule involved in the expression of several important genes. Significant amounts of research have focused on understanding SA functions and signaling in plants under Cd stress, but several questions still remain unanswered. In this article, the influence of SA on Cd-induced stress in plants and the potential regulation mechanism for alleviating Cd toxicity are reviewed.
我们回顾并介绍了水杨酸在镉胁迫下对植物的重要性，并深入探讨了缓解镉毒性的潜在调控机制。镉（Cd）是一种广泛存在且具有潜在毒性的环境污染物，主要来源于快速的工业生产过程、肥料、粪肥和污水污泥的施用以及城市活动。它很容易被植物吸收，导致明显的毒性症状，包括生长迟缓、叶片黄化、叶和根坏死、结构和超微结构改变、光合作用受到抑制以及细胞死亡。因此，减轻植物中的镉毒性是植物研究的一个主要目标。水杨酸（SA）是一种普遍存在的植物酚类化合物，已被用于许多植物物种中，通过调节植物生长、减少镉在植物中的吸收和分布、保护膜的完整性和稳定性、清除活性氧以及增强抗氧化防御系统、提高光合能力来减轻镉毒性。此外，SA作为一种信号分子参与了几个重要基因的表达。大量研究集中在了解镉胁迫下SA在植物中的功能和信号传导，但仍有几个问题未得到解答。本文综述了SA对植物镉诱导胁迫的影响以及缓解镉毒性的潜在调控机制。
