Treatment of recalcitrant bullous pemphigoid (BP) with a novel protocol: A retrospective study with a 6-year follow-up.

BACKGROUND

Bullous pemphigoid is an autoimmune blistering skin disease that predominantly affects the elderly. Conventional therapy using high-dose systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents can be ineffective in some patients and produce adverse events and relapses. Hence, alternate therapies are required.

OBJECTIVE

The clinical outcomes of patients with extensive, recalcitrant bullous pemphigoid treated with a combination therapy of rituximab (RTX) and intravenous immunoglobulin were evaluated.

METHODS

In this retrospective study, 12 patients (mean age of 68.25 years) unresponsive to previous conventional immunosuppressive therapy, intravenous immunoglobulin, and/or RTX were treated with this combination therapy.

RESULTS

Complete clinical resolution occurred in a mean of 4.6 months and previous systemic therapy was discontinued in 6.2 months. Two patients had a recurrence posttherapy and responded to additional RTX infusions. The remaining 10 patients had no recurrences. Patients were followed up for a mean of 73.8 months after discontinuation of all systemic therapy. All have remained in remission without adverse events for 6 years.

LIMITATIONS

This was a retrospective study with a small sample size.

CONCLUSION

The combination of RTX and intravenous immunoglobulin produced a sustained clinical remission without adverse events, infections, and hospitalizations. This specific combination protocol offers a promising therapy for patients with recalcitrant bullous pemphigoid.