[Isolation of individual chromosomes and their use in studying the human and animal genome].

This mini-review considers the main achievements in the field of human and animal chromosome separation: technical problems of flow-karyotyping and flow-sorting, the types of cell lines and chromosome source used, different protocols of chromosome suspension preparation, fluorochromes for chromosome staining, efficiency of chromosome sorting and purity of the fractions. The use of fractions for creating chromosome-specific human gene libraries and mapping cloned genes and DNA fragment are also considered.