Lima Andrea Arraes Dos Santos Jacintho, Alves Cláudia Maria Coelho, Ribeiro Cecília Cláudia Costa, Pereira Alex Luiz Pozzobon, da Silva Antônio Augusto Moura, Silva Luciana Freitas Gomes E, Thomaz Erika Barbara Abreu Fonseca
Collective Health (Graduate Program in Collective Health), Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Int J Paediatr Dent. 2017 Mar;27(2):108-119. doi: 10.1111/ipd.12227. Epub 2016 Feb 9.
To investigate the effects of conventional and orthodontic pacifiers on the prevalence of malocclusion (MO) considering frequency, duration, and intensity of the sucking habit.
Data were collected at three time-points: birth, T1; (12-24 months old), T2; (24-36 months old), T3 and were divided into three groups: control (GC; 110), without non-nutritive sucking habits; orthodontic pacifiers (GOrth; 55); conventional pacifiers (GConv; 55). A questionnaire was applied. Clinical examination was performed at T3. The groups were compared as to the prevalence and severity of anterior open bite (AOB), accentuated overjet, anterior crossbite, posterior crossbite (PCB).
The use of pacifiers was associated with occurrence of MO compared to GC (P < 0.05). Frequency, intensity, and duration of pacifier use was also associated with of MO. There was significant difference in the prevalence of MO between GConv and GOrth for AOB (P = 0.027). Only GConv exhibited higher odds of PCB compared to GC (P = 0.040). The prevalence of MO was significantly higher in pacifiers users (P < 0.001).
The prevalence of MO was higher among children who used pacifiers. According to a general trend, the use of conventional pacifiers was associated to severe anterior open bite and overjet.
考虑吮吸习惯的频率、持续时间和强度，研究传统安抚奶嘴和正畸安抚奶嘴对错颌畸形（MO）患病率的影响。
在三个时间点收集数据：出生时（T1）；12至24个月大时（T2）；24至36个月大时（T3），并将其分为三组：对照组（GC；110例），无非营养性吮吸习惯；正畸安抚奶嘴组（GOrth；55例）；传统安抚奶嘴组（GConv；55例）。应用了一份问卷。在T3时进行临床检查。比较各组前牙开咬（AOB）、深覆盖、前牙反咬、后牙反咬（PCB）的患病率和严重程度。
与GC组相比，使用安抚奶嘴与MO的发生有关（P<0.05）。安抚奶嘴使用的频率、强度和持续时间也与MO有关。GConv组和GOrth组在AOB的MO患病率上存在显著差异（P=0.027）。与GC组相比，只有GConv组表现出更高的PCB几率（P=0.040）。使用安抚奶嘴的儿童中MO的患病率显著更高（P<0.001）。
使用安抚奶嘴的儿童中MO的患病率更高。根据一般趋势，使用传统安抚奶嘴与严重的前牙开咬和深覆盖有关。
