Nijboer Menno, Borst Jelmer, van Rijn Hedderik, Taatgen Niels
Dept. of Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
Dept. of Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
Cogn Psychol. 2016 May;86:1-26. doi: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2016.01.003. Epub 2016 Feb 6.
Working memory can be a major source of interference in dual tasking. However, there is no consensus on whether this interference is the result of a single working memory bottleneck, or of interactions between different working memory components that together form a complete working-memory system. We report a behavioral and an fMRI dataset in which working memory requirements are manipulated during multitasking. We show that a computational cognitive model that assumes a distributed version of working memory accounts for both behavioral and neuroimaging data better than a model that takes a more centralized approach. The model's working memory consists of an attentional focus, declarative memory, and a subvocalized rehearsal mechanism. Thus, the data and model favor an account where working memory interference in dual tasking is the result of interactions between different resources that together form a working-memory system.
工作记忆可能是双重任务中干扰的主要来源。然而，对于这种干扰是单一工作记忆瓶颈的结果，还是不同工作记忆组件之间相互作用从而共同形成一个完整工作记忆系统的结果，目前尚无定论。我们报告了一个行为和功能磁共振成像数据集，其中在多任务处理过程中对工作记忆需求进行了操控。我们表明，一个假设工作记忆分布式版本的计算认知模型比采用更集中式方法的模型能更好地解释行为和神经成像数据。该模型的工作记忆由注意力焦点、陈述性记忆和默读复述机制组成。因此，数据和模型支持这样一种观点，即双重任务中的工作记忆干扰是不同资源之间相互作用的结果，这些资源共同构成了一个工作记忆系统。
