Perini Giulia, Carlini Alessandro, Pomati Simone, Alberoni Margherita, Mariani Claudio, Nemni Raffaello, Farina Elisabetta
*Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Center for Research and Treatment of Cognitive Dysfunctions, Institute of Clinical Neurology, "Luigi Sacco" Hospital, University of Milan ‡Neurorehabilitation Unit, Santa Maria Nascente Clinical Research Center, Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, Milan, Italy †Laboratory for Research on Learning and Development (LEAD), CNRS UMR 5022, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France.
Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2016 Oct-Dec;30(4):331-337. doi: 10.1097/WAD.0000000000000141.
Misidentification delusions (MDs) are considered relatively rare psychopathologic phenomena that may occur within the context of psychiatric or neurological conditions. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of MD in different types of dementia, correlate the presence of MD with demographic and clinical variables, and validate a specific questionnaire. We examined 146 subjects with Alzheimer disease, 21 with Lewy body dementia, 6 with frontotemporal dementia, and 13 with vascular dementia (subcortical type), who were consecutively enrolled in the study from 2 Memory Clinics. Patients had a mean age of 78.7±6.4 years and an Mini-Mental State Examination average score of 16.9±6.1. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory delusion subscale and a new Misidentification Delusion Questionnaire aimed at specific assessment of 11 delusional misidentification syndromes were administrated to the caregivers. On the basis of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, MDs were present in 33.3% of the subjects, whereas according to the Misidentification Delusion Questionnaire they were present in 36.0% of the subjects. Specifically, 34.2% of Alzheimer disease, 52.4% of Lewy body dementia, and 46.1% of vascular dementia patients experienced at least 1 MD. None of the patients with frontotemporal dementia developed MD. The most frequent MD was house misidentification, followed by splitting of people and reduplicative paramnesia. Our self-administered questionnaire proved to be an accurate and specific tool for the detection of MD.
错认妄想（MDs）被认为是相对罕见的精神病理现象，可能发生在精神或神经疾病的背景下。本研究的目的是评估不同类型痴呆中MD的患病率，将MD的存在与人口统计学和临床变量相关联，并验证一份特定问卷。我们检查了146例阿尔茨海默病患者、21例路易体痴呆患者、6例额颞叶痴呆患者和13例血管性痴呆（皮质下型）患者，这些患者是从2个记忆诊所连续纳入研究的。患者的平均年龄为78.7±6.4岁，简易精神状态检查表平均得分为16.9±6.1。向照料者发放了神经精神科问卷妄想分量表和一份旨在专门评估11种妄想性错认综合征的新的错认妄想问卷。根据神经精神科问卷，33.3%的受试者存在MD，而根据错认妄想问卷，这一比例为36.0%。具体而言，34.2%的阿尔茨海默病患者至少经历过1次MD，路易体痴呆患者为52.4%，血管性痴呆患者为46.1%。额颞叶痴呆患者均未出现MD。最常见的MD是房屋错认，其次是人物分裂和人身重复症。我们的自填式问卷被证明是检测MD的一种准确且特异的工具。
