Stögmann W
Internen Abteilung, G. v. Preyer'schen Kinderspitals, Wien.
Wien Med Wochenschr. 1989 Sep 30;139(18):414-21.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronically-relapsing disease of the skin caused by hereditary hypersensitivity to a lot of environmental substances. Disturbances of humoral and cellular immunity, abnormal vascular reactions and abnormal skin functions play a role in pathogenesis. AD shows different forms in different age-groups with pruritus as a commune feature. The treatment of AD is unsatisfactory and effective only by consequent cure. The principles are avoiding of pruritus and scratching, avoiding of chemical and mechanical irritants of the skin and avoiding of bacterial superinfections. Topic steroid-treatment is very effective, dose and application however have to be strongly controlled. The nutrition of children with AD should be as normal as possible, extreme regimes of diet have to be avoided. An effective prophylaxis of atopic disease is not known till now.
特应性皮炎(AD)是一种由对多种环境物质的遗传性过敏引起的慢性复发性皮肤病。体液和细胞免疫紊乱、异常的血管反应和异常的皮肤功能在发病机制中起作用。AD在不同年龄组表现出不同形式,瘙痒是其共同特征。AD的治疗效果不理想,只有通过持续治愈才有效。原则是避免瘙痒和搔抓,避免皮肤的化学和机械刺激物,避免细菌继发感染。局部类固醇治疗非常有效,但剂量和应用必须严格控制。AD患儿的营养应尽可能正常,必须避免极端饮食方案。目前尚不知道特应性疾病的有效预防方法。