Bailly D, Dervaux A, Servant D, Parquet P J
Psychopathology and Alcohology Unit, University Hospital, Hôpital de La Charité, France.
Biomed Pharmacother. 1989;43(6):431-7. doi: 10.1016/0753-3322(89)90242-4.
Infections with the hepatitis B (HBV) and delta (HDV) viruses and with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are very common among intravenous drug addicts. The serum of 80 percent of drug addicts contains one of the HBV markers, and 15 percent of them carry an anti-D antibody. Infections with the hepatitis A and non A-non B viruses are also very common among drug abusers. Some of them may harbour several of these pathogens. This can explain the frequency of liver disease (biological anomalies and histological lesions) observed in drug addicts, as does alcohol consumption associated with drug abuse. Fifty to 60 per cent of intravenous drug addicts are seropositive for HIV. This prevalence varies across studies and countries. The high prevalence of infection by HIV in drug addicts may be explained by the use of a shared syringe. This prevalence exposes drug addicts to an increase in AIDS cases in the near future. The high prevalence of infections by HBV, HDV and HIV in drug addicts represents a risk factor for the spread of HBV, HDV and HIV infections among the general population. Preventing the rapid spread of these viruses among drug addicts is of utmost importance for the future.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）、丁型肝炎病毒（HDV）及人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染在静脉注射吸毒者中极为常见。80%的吸毒者血清含有HBV标志物之一，其中15%携带抗-D抗体。甲型肝炎病毒和非甲非乙型肝炎病毒感染在药物滥用者中也很常见。他们中的一些人可能携带多种此类病原体。这可以解释吸毒者中观察到的肝脏疾病（生物学异常和组织学病变）的发生率，与药物滥用相关的酒精消费也是如此。50%至60%的静脉注射吸毒者HIV血清学呈阳性。这一患病率在不同研究和国家有所不同。吸毒者中HIV感染的高患病率可能是由于共用注射器所致。这一患病率使吸毒者在不久的将来面临艾滋病病例增加的风险。吸毒者中HBV、HDV和HIV感染的高患病率是HBV、HDV和HIV感染在普通人群中传播的一个危险因素。防止这些病毒在吸毒者中迅速传播对未来至关重要。
