Wang Xiaojuan, Jia Zhikuan, Liang Lianyou, Yang Baoping, Ding Ruixia, Nie Junfeng, Wang Junpeng
China Water-saving Agricultural Academy in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, PR China.
Institute of Dryland Farming, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 030038, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China.
Sci Rep. 2016 Feb 12;6:20994. doi: 10.1038/srep20994.
Because of inadequate nutrient and water supply, soils are often unproductive in Northwest China. We studied the effects of manure application at low (LM 7.5 t ha(-1)), medium (MM 15 t ha(-1)), and high (HM 22.5 t ha(-1)) rates combined with fixed levels of chemical fertilizers on maize growth and rainfall use efficiency compared with chemical fertilizers (CK) under semi-arid conditions over a three-year period. HM and MM treatments could significantly increase soil water storage (0-120 cm) at tasseling stage of maize compared with LM treatment and CK (P < 0.05). Dry matter accumulation and rainfall use efficiency increased as manure application rate increasing (P < 0.05). HM treatment significantly increased rainfall use efficiency by 6.5-12.7% at big trumpeting - tasseling stage compared with LM and MM treatments. HM and MM treatments increased rainfall use efficiency by 8.6-18.1% at tasseling - grain filling stage compared with CK. There was no significant difference on biomass between HM and MM treatments at grain filling and maturity stages of maize in 2009 and 2010.
由于养分和水分供应不足，中国西北地区的土壤往往生产力低下。我们研究了在半干旱条件下，连续三年低量（LM 7.5 t ha(-1)）、中量（MM 15 t ha(-1)）和高量（HM 22.5 t ha(-1)）施用有机肥并搭配固定量化肥，与仅施用化肥（CK）相比，对玉米生长和降雨利用效率的影响。与LM处理和CK相比，HM和MM处理在玉米抽雄期能显著增加土壤贮水量（0 - 120 cm）（P < 0.05）。干物质积累和降雨利用效率随有机肥施用量增加而提高（P < 0.05）。与LM和MM处理相比，HM处理在大喇叭口期至抽雄期显著提高降雨利用效率6.5 - 12.7%。与CK相比，HM和MM处理在抽雄期至灌浆期提高降雨利用效率8.6 - 18.1%。在2009年和2010年玉米灌浆期和成熟期，HM和MM处理的生物量无显著差异。
