Gilbert Paul
Mental Health Research Unit, Derbyshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK.
Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2015 Dec;17(4):381-9. doi: 10.31887/DCNS.2015.17.4/pgilbert.
This paper argues that studies of mental health and wellbeing can be contextualized within an evolutionary approach that highlights the coregulating processes of emotions and motives. In particular, it suggests that, although many mental health symptoms are commonly linked to threat processing, attention also needs to be directed to the major regulators of threat processing, ie, prosocial and affiliative interactions with self and others. Given that human sociality has been a central driver for a whole range of human adaptations, a better understanding of the effects of prosocial interactions on health is required, and should be integrated into psychiatric formulations and interventions. Insight into the coregulating processes of motives and emotions, especially prosocial ones, offers improved ways of understanding mental health difficulties and their prevention and relief.
本文认为，心理健康和幸福的研究可以在一种强调情绪和动机的共同调节过程的进化方法中进行情境化。特别是，它表明，虽然许多心理健康症状通常与威胁处理有关，但注意力也需要指向威胁处理的主要调节因素，即与自己和他人的亲社会和亲和互动。鉴于人类社会性一直是一系列人类适应的核心驱动力，需要更好地理解亲社会互动对健康的影响，并应将其纳入精神病学的诊断和干预中。深入了解动机和情绪，特别是亲社会动机和情绪的共同调节过程，为理解心理健康问题及其预防和缓解提供了更好的方法。
