Latal Beatrice
Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Steinwiesstrasse 75, Zurich 8032, Switzerland.
Clin Perinatol. 2016 Mar;43(1):173-85. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2015.11.012.
Survival after bypass surgery in moderate and severe congenital heart disease (CHD) has increased dramatically. Although cardiac outcome is often very good, these children are at increased risk of developmental impairments in all developmental domains. Risk factors for developmental impairment include a genetic disorder, preterm birth, longer intensive care stay, poorer socioeconomic environment, and more complex forms of CHD. Health care providers, patients, and parents must be aware and informed about noncardiac sequelae and tertiary centers performing open-heart surgery in neonates and infants must establish a neurodevelopmental follow-up program to provide regular neurodevelopmental assessments. These allow for individual counseling and early detection and treatment of developmental problems.
中重度先天性心脏病（CHD）患者搭桥手术后的生存率显著提高。尽管心脏手术的预后通常很好，但这些儿童在所有发育领域出现发育障碍的风险增加。发育障碍的风险因素包括遗传疾病、早产、重症监护时间延长、社会经济环境较差以及更复杂的先天性心脏病形式。医疗服务提供者、患者和家长必须了解并知晓非心脏后遗症，并且为新生儿和婴儿实施心脏直视手术的三级中心必须建立神经发育随访计划，以定期进行神经发育评估。这些评估有助于进行个性化咨询以及早期发现和治疗发育问题。
