Starrett James, Derkarabetian Shahan, Richart Casey H, Cabrero Allan, Hedin Marshal
Department of Biology, 5500 Campanile Drive San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
Department of Biology, 5500 Campanile Drive San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA; Department of Biology, 900 University Avenue, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
Zookeys. 2016 Jan 20(555):11-35. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.555.6274. eCollection 2016.
The monotypic genus Cryptomaster Briggs, 1969 was described based on individuals from a single locality in southwestern Oregon. The described species Cryptomaster leviathan Briggs, 1969 was named for its large body size compared to most travunioid Laniatores. However, as the generic name suggests, Cryptomaster are notoriously difficult to find, and few subsequent collections have been recorded for this genus. Here, we increase sampling of Cryptomaster to 15 localities, extending their known range from the Coast Range northeast to the western Cascade Mountains of southern Oregon. Phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequence data reveal deep phylogenetic breaks consistent with independently evolving lineages. We use discovery and validation species delimitation approaches to generate and test species hypotheses, including a coalescent species delimitation method to test multi-species hypotheses. For delimited species, we use light microscopy and SEM to discover diagnostic morphological characters. Although Cryptomaster has a small geographic distribution, this taxon is consistent with other short-range endemics in having deep phylogenetic breaks indicative of species level divergences. Herein we describe Cryptomaster behemoth sp. n., and provide morphological diagnostic characters for identifying Cryptomaster leviathan and Cryptomaster behemoth.
单型属隐管蛛属（Cryptomaster）由布里格斯于1969年基于来自俄勒冈州西南部单一地点的个体进行描述。所描述的物种巨兽隐管蛛（Cryptomaster leviathan）布里格斯，1969年因其相对于大多数特拉武尼类鞭蛛而言体型巨大而得名。然而，正如其属名所暗示的，隐管蛛属极难被发现，该属随后鲜有采集记录。在此，我们将隐管蛛属的采样范围扩大到15个地点，将其已知分布范围从海岸山脉东北部扩展到俄勒冈州南部的西部喀斯喀特山脉。对线粒体和核DNA序列数据的系统发育分析揭示了与独立进化谱系一致的深度系统发育间断。我们使用发现和验证物种界定方法来生成和检验物种假设，包括一种用于检验多物种假设的溯祖物种界定方法。对于界定的物种，我们使用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜来发现诊断性形态特征。尽管隐管蛛属的地理分布范围较小，但该分类单元与其他短程特有物种一致，具有指示物种水平分歧的深度系统发育间断。在此我们描述巨兽隐管蛛新种，并提供用于识别巨兽隐管蛛和巨兽隐管蛛的形态诊断特征。
