Faanu A, Adukpo O K, Tettey-Larbi L, Lawluvi H, Kpeglo D O, Darko E O, Emi-Reynolds G, Awudu R A, Kansaana C, Amoah P A, Efa A O, Ibrahim A D, Agyeman B, Kpodzro R, Agyeman L
Environmental Protection and Waste Management Centre, Radiation Protection Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, Legon, P. O. Box LG 80, Accra, Ghana.
Springerplus. 2016 Feb 1;5:98. doi: 10.1186/s40064-016-1716-5. eCollection 2016.
Levels of naturally occurring radioactive materials prior to processing of gold ore within and around the new eastern concession area of Perseus Mining (Ghana) Limited were carried out to ascertain the baseline radioactivity levels. The study was based on situ measurements of external gamma dose rate at 1 m above ground level as well as laboratory analysis by direct gamma spectrometry to quantify the radionuclides of interest namely; (238)U, (232)Th and (40)K in soil, rock, ore samples and gross alpha/beta analysis in water samples. The average absorbed dose rate in air at 1 m above sampling point using a radiation survey metre was determined to be 0.08 ± 0.02 μGyh(-1) with a corresponding average annual effective dose calculated to be 0.093 ± 0.028 mSv. The average activity concentrations of (238)U, (232)Th, and (40)K in the soil, rock, and ore samples were 65.1 ± 2.2, 71.8 ± 2.2 and 1168.3 Bqkg(-1) respectively resulting in an average annual effective dose of 0.91 ± 0.32 mSv. The average Radium equivalent activity value was 257.8 ± 62.4 Bqkg(-1) in the range of 136.6-340.2 Bqkg(-1). The average values of external and internal indices were 0.7 ± 0.2 and 0.9 ± 0.2 respectively. The average gross alpha and gross beta activity concentrations in the water samples were determined to be 0.0032 ± 0.0024 and 0.0338 ± 0.0083 Bql(-1) respectively. The total annual effective dose from the pathways considered for this study (gamma ray from the soil, rock and ore samples as well as doses determined from the gross alpha/beta activity concentration in water samples) was calculated to be 0.918 mSv. The results obtained in this study shows that the radiation levels are within the natural background radiation levels found in literature and compare well with similar studies for other countries and the total annual effective dose is below the ICRP recommended level of 1 mSv for public exposure control.
对珀尔修斯矿业（加纳）有限公司新东部特许区及其周边地区金矿开采前天然存在的放射性物质水平进行了检测，以确定基线放射性水平。该研究基于地面上方1米处的外部伽马剂量率现场测量，以及通过直接伽马能谱法进行的实验室分析，以量化感兴趣的放射性核素，即土壤、岩石、矿石样品中的（238）U、（232）Th和（40）K，以及水样中的总α/β分析。使用辐射测量仪在采样点上方1米处空气中测定的平均吸收剂量率为0.08±0.02μGyh（-1），相应计算得出的平均年有效剂量为0.093±0.028mSv。土壤、岩石和矿石样品中（238）U、（232）Th和（40）K的平均活度浓度分别为65.1±2.2、71.8±2.2和1168.3Bqkg（-1），导致平均年有效剂量为0.91±0.32mSv。镭当量活度平均值为257.8±62.4Bqkg（-1），范围在136.6 - 340.2Bqkg（-1）之间。外部和内部指数的平均值分别为0.7±0.2和0.9±0.2。水样中总α和总β活度浓度分别测定为0.0032±0.0024和0.0338±0.0083Bql（-1）。本研究考虑的途径（来自土壤、岩石和矿石样品的伽马射线以及根据水样中总α/β活度浓度确定的剂量）的总年有效剂量计算为0.918mSv。本研究获得的结果表明，辐射水平在文献中发现的天然本底辐射水平范围内，与其他国家的类似研究结果相当，且总年有效剂量低于国际辐射防护委员会（ICRP）建议的公众暴露控制水平1mSv。
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