de Souza Camila Sena Martins, Fortaleza Carlos Magno Castelo Branco, Witzel Claudia Lima, Silveira Mônica, Bonesso Mariana Fávero, Marques Silvio Alencar, Cunha Maria de Lourdes Ribeiro de Souza da
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Botucatu Biosciences Institute, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Department of Tropical Diseases, Botucatu School of Medicine, University Hospital, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2016 Feb 16;15:9. doi: 10.1186/s12941-016-0125-5.
Staphylococcus aureus is characterized by its pathogenicity and high prevalence, causing disease in both healthy and immunocompromised individuals due to its easy dissemination. This fact is aggravated by the widespread dissemination of S. aureus carrying toxigenic genes. The objective of this study was to determine the toxigenic profile of methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in patients with purulent skin and/or soft tissue infections seen at the Dermatology Department of the University Hospital of the Botucatu Medical School, asymptomatic adults older than 60 years living in nursing homes, and prison inmates of the Avaré Detention Center.
PCR was used for the detection of the mecA gene, enterotoxin genes (sea, seb, and sec), exfoliative toxins A and B (eta and etb), toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (tst), panton-valentine leukocidin (lukS-PV and lukF-PV), and alpha- and delta-hemolysins or cytotoxins (hla and hld).
The results showed a significant prevalence of toxigenic genes among S. aureus isolates from asymptomatic individuals, with the observation of a higher prevalence of cytotoxin genes. However, the panton-valentine leukocidin gene was only detected in MSSA isolated from patients with skin infections and the tst gene was exclusively found in MSSA isolated from prison inmates.
The present study demonstrated a significant prevalence of toxigenic genes in MSSA and MRSA strains isolated from asymptomatic S. aureus carriers. There was a higher prevalence of cytotoxin genes.
金黄色葡萄球菌具有致病性且普遍存在，因其易于传播，可在健康个体和免疫功能低下个体中引发疾病。携带产毒基因的金黄色葡萄球菌广泛传播使这一情况更加严重。本研究的目的是确定在Botucatu医学院大学医院皮肤科就诊的患有化脓性皮肤和/或软组织感染的患者、居住在养老院的60岁以上无症状成年人以及阿瓦雷拘留中心的监狱囚犯中，甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）和甲氧西林耐药金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的产毒谱。
采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测mecA基因、肠毒素基因（sea、seb和sec）、剥脱毒素A和B（eta和etb）、中毒性休克综合征毒素1（tst）、杀白细胞素（lukS-PV和lukF-PV）以及α和δ溶血素或细胞毒素（hla和hld）。
结果显示，无症状个体的金黄色葡萄球菌分离株中产毒基因普遍存在，细胞毒素基因的流行率更高。然而，杀白细胞素基因仅在从皮肤感染患者分离的MSSA中检测到，tst基因仅在从监狱囚犯分离的MSSA中发现。
本研究表明，从无症状金黄色葡萄球菌携带者分离的MSSA和MRSA菌株中产毒基因普遍存在。细胞毒素基因的流行率更高。
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