Laboratory of Human Bacterial Pathogenesis, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA.
Phys Sportsmed. 2012 May;40(2):13-21. doi: 10.3810/psm.2012.05.1960.
The remarkable ability of Staphylococcus aureus to develop antibiotic resistance in conjunction with the emergence of highly virulent and/or transmissible strains has established the pathogen as a leading cause of human bacterial infections worldwide. Historically, methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA) was found almost exclusively in hospitals and/or health care-related facilities. However, in the late 1990s, community-associated MRSA strains emerged in the United States and rapidly became the leading cause of community-associated bacterial infections. An enhanced understanding of the pathogenesis and epidemiology of this bacterium is fundamental for the prevention and/or treatment of community-associated MRSA infections. This review highlights salient features of S aureus biology that contribute to the exceptional ability of this pathogen to cause human disease, as well as discusses, in brief, the established approaches for treatment and prevention of infection.
金黄色葡萄球菌具有很强的产生抗生素耐药性的能力，加上高毒力和/或高传染性菌株的出现，使该病原体成为全球人类细菌感染的主要原因。从历史上看，耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）几乎只在医院和/或与卫生保健相关的设施中发现。然而，在 20 世纪 90 年代后期，社区获得性 MRSA 菌株在美国出现，并迅速成为社区获得性细菌感染的主要原因。对该细菌的发病机制和流行病学的深入了解是预防和/或治疗社区获得性 MRSA 感染的基础。这篇综述强调了金黄色葡萄球菌生物学的显著特征，这些特征有助于该病原体引起人类疾病的特殊能力，并简要讨论了现有的治疗和预防感染的方法。
