Conard Patricia L, Armstrong Myrna L, Young Cathy, Lacy Darlene, Billings Lynda
5324 Kibler Road, Van Buren, AR 72956, USA.
Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
Nurse Educ Today. 2016 Dec;47:61-67. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2016.01.014. Epub 2016 Jan 29.
The consequences of each war present themselves in many ways and differently within a veteran's lifetime. For civilian nurses to give applicable, vital care to the older veteran, they need to deeply appreciate the military culture, the strength of the ethos, as well as the various health concerns connected with the individual war/conflict. Attentiveness to the evolving health issues of older veterans are a priority at a time when many personal developmental changes are also creating life stressors for the Vietnam veterans and they are often presenting to civilian health facilities for their care. This article explores the controversial war within Vietnam (1955-1973), and the use of the universal question of "Have you ever served in the military?" An incremental veteran health assessment is discussed in order to care for the specific, prior-era physical/behavioral issues of post-traumatic stress disorder, Agent Orange, military sexual trauma, hepatitis C, and homelessness that are discussed for these men and women veterans, along with a rationale for their long-term presence, which is still evident today. Other relevant nursing interventions for veterans are suggested such as reminiscing, and art/animal-assisted therapy to supplement their medical care.
每场战争的后果会以多种方式呈现,且在退伍军人的一生中表现各异。对于文职护士而言,要为年长的退伍军人提供适用且至关重要的护理,他们需要深刻理解军事文化、精神气质的力量,以及与个别战争/冲突相关的各种健康问题。在许多个人发展变化也给越南退伍军人带来生活压力源,且他们常常前往民用医疗机构接受护理的当下,关注年长退伍军人不断演变的健康问题是当务之急。本文探讨了越南境内存在争议的战争(1955 - 1973年),以及“你是否曾在军队服役?”这一通用问题的使用。文中讨论了逐步进行的退伍军人健康评估,以照顾这些男女退伍军人所面临的特定的、特定时代的身体/行为问题,如创伤后应激障碍、橙剂、军事性创伤、丙型肝炎和无家可归问题,同时阐述了这些问题长期存在的原因,如今这些问题依然明显。还提出了其他针对退伍军人的相关护理干预措施,如回忆往事,以及艺术/动物辅助疗法,以补充他们的医疗护理。