Lechowicz Meryn, Miller Laurie, Irish Muireann, Addis Donna Rose, Mohamed Armin, Lah Suncica
School of Psychology, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Br J Clin Psychol. 2016 Jun;55(2):187-205. doi: 10.1111/bjc.12107. Epub 2016 Feb 18.
Imagining future events, which contain episodic and non-episodic details, has been found to (1) engage the temporal lobes bilaterally and (2) be impaired in patients with bilateral temporal lobe pathology. Here, we examined whether unilateral temporal lobe dysfunction also impairs the ability to generate future events.
Prospective cross-sectional.
Twenty patients with a history of unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy [TLE; 10 left (LTLE) and 10 right (RTLE)] and 20 normal control (NC) subjects comparable on age, sex and education completed the Adapted Autobiographical Interview, which required recall of past and generation of future events and distinguished episodic (internal) from non-episodic (external) details. Participants also completed a battery of neuropsychological tests.
Patients with unilateral TLE were significantly impaired in provision of internal details for past and future events, but not in the generation of external details. Examination of detail subcategories revealed that patients with LTLE did exhibit a significant deficit relative to patients with RTLE (and NC) with respect to the generation of perceptual details for both past and future events. Moreover, patients with LTLE generated significantly fewer place details for future events (relative to NC only). The overall number of internal details recalled by patients with LTLE was related to semantic fluency.
Our study provides the first evidence that unilateral temporal lobe dysfunction is associated with not only impaired recall of past, but also the generation of future episodic details. Clinically, deficits in future thinking may reduce motivation and decision-making, and as such adversely impact behavioural regulation and socialization.
Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy generate less details when asked to describe past and potential future events, particularly with regard to details involving specific events, places and perceptions. These same patients are aware of their difficulties in this realm, but judge their past memories as similar in vividness and even more personally significant than the memories generated by control participants. The deficits in generation of future episodic details were particularly pronounced in patients with left temporal lobe epilepsy. Verbal semantic fluency was correlated with the ability to generate future scenarios.
想象包含情景和非情景细节的未来事件已被发现会（1）双侧激活颞叶，且（2）在双侧颞叶病变患者中受损。在此，我们研究了单侧颞叶功能障碍是否也会损害生成未来事件的能力。
前瞻性横断面研究。
20例有单侧颞叶癫痫病史的患者[颞叶癫痫；10例左侧（LTLE）和10例右侧（RTLE）]以及20名年龄、性别和教育程度相匹配的正常对照（NC）受试者完成了适应性自传访谈，该访谈要求回忆过去和生成未来事件，并区分情景（内部）和非情景（外部）细节。参与者还完成了一系列神经心理学测试。
单侧颞叶癫痫患者在提供过去和未来事件的内部细节方面显著受损，但在生成外部细节方面未受损。对细节子类别进行检查发现，LTLE患者在生成过去和未来事件的感知细节方面相对于RTLE患者（和NC）确实表现出显著缺陷。此外，LTLE患者生成的未来事件的地点细节明显较少（仅相对于NC）。LTLE患者回忆的内部细节总数与语义流畅性有关。
我们的研究提供了首个证据，表明单侧颞叶功能障碍不仅与过去回忆受损有关，还与未来情景细节的生成有关。临床上，未来思维缺陷可能会降低动机和决策能力，从而对行为调节和社交产生不利影响。
颞叶癫痫患者在被要求描述过去和潜在未来事件时生成的细节较少，特别是涉及特定事件、地点和感知的细节。这些患者意识到自己在这方面的困难，但认为他们过去的记忆在生动性方面相似，甚至比对照参与者生成的记忆更具个人意义。未来情景细节生成方面的缺陷在左侧颞叶癫痫患者中尤为明显。言语语义流畅性与生成未来情景的能力相关。
