Ott W R, Wallace L A, McAteer J M, Hildemann L M
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA.
Exposure Scientist, Santa Rosa, CA, USA.
Indoor Air. 2017 Jan;27(1):205-217. doi: 10.1111/ina.12292. Epub 2016 Mar 15.
A number of studies indicate cooking is a major source of exposure to particulate matter, but few studies have measured indoor air pollution in restaurants, where cooking predominates. We made 73 visits by car to 65 different non-smoking restaurants in 10 Northern California towns while carrying portable continuous monitors that unobtrusively measured ultrafine (down to 10 nm) and fine (PM ) particles to characterize indoor restaurant exposures, comparing them with exposures in the car. The mean ultrafine number concentrations in the restaurants on dinner visits averaging 1.4 h was 71 600 particles/cm , or 4.3 times the mean concentration on car trips, and 12.3 times the mean background concentration in the residence. Restaurants that cooked dinner in the same room as the patrons had higher ultrafine concentrations than restaurants with separate kitchens. Restaurant PM mass concentrations averaged 36.3 μg/m , ranging from 1.5 to 454 μg/m , but were relatively low on most visits: 43% of the indoor means were below 10 μg/m and 66% were below 20 μg/m , with 5.5% above 100 μg/m . Exposure to fine and ultrafine particles when visiting a restaurant exceeded the exposure a person received while traveling by car to and from the restaurant.
多项研究表明，烹饪是接触颗粒物的主要来源，但很少有研究测量以烹饪为主的餐厅内的空气污染情况。我们驾车前往北加利福尼亚州10个城镇的65家不同的无烟餐厅，共进行了73次探访，同时携带便携式连续监测仪，以不显眼的方式测量超细颗粒物（低至10纳米）和细颗粒物（PM），以表征餐厅内的暴露情况，并将其与车内的暴露情况进行比较。晚餐时段平均探访时长为1.4小时的餐厅内，超细颗粒物的平均数量浓度为71600个/立方厘米，是汽车行程中平均浓度的4.3倍，是住宅内平均背景浓度的12.3倍。与顾客在同一房间烹饪晚餐的餐厅，其超细颗粒物浓度高于设有单独厨房的餐厅。餐厅内PM质量浓度平均为36.3微克/立方米，范围在1.5至454微克/立方米之间，但在大多数探访中相对较低：43%的室内平均值低于10微克/立方米，66%低于20微克/立方米，5.5%高于100微克/立方米。光顾餐厅时接触到的细颗粒物和超细颗粒物的暴露量超过了人们往返餐厅乘车时的暴露量。
