Silano Marco, Paganin Paola, Davanzo Riccardo
Unit of Human Nutrition and Health, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy.
School of Pediatrics, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34100, Italy.
Ital J Pediatr. 2016 Feb 19;42:17. doi: 10.1186/s13052-016-0228-9.
Powdered infant formulas (PIF) are usually not sterile and may frequently be contaminated by several bacteria strains. Among them, Cronobacter species, previously known as Enterobacter sakazakii, is one of the most harmful, since it might be the causative agent of sepsis and meningitis in newborns and preterm infants during the first weeks of life. The mortality rate of these infections is up to 80 %. Therefore, some precautions are required in the home handling and dilution of PIF. Whereas there is wide consensus about the need that a PIF should be used immediately after being diluted or, if not, stored at < "5 °C", still recently the optimal temperature of the water used to dilute PIF is controversial among scientific societies and health agencies. The current knowledge is reviewed in this paper and provides sufficient evidence to cautiously advise the use of hot water at a temperature of "70 °C" in the dilution of PIF in order to prevent the Cronobacter sp. contamination and growth.
婴儿配方奶粉通常并非无菌，且可能经常受到多种细菌菌株的污染。其中，阪崎肠杆菌（以前称为阪崎肠杆菌）是最具危害性的细菌之一，因为它可能是新生儿和早产儿出生后第一周内败血症和脑膜炎的病原体。这些感染的死亡率高达80%。因此，在家庭处理和冲调婴儿配方奶粉时需要采取一些预防措施。尽管对于婴儿配方奶粉稀释后应立即使用，或者如果不立即使用则应储存在低于5°C的环境中这一需求已达成广泛共识，但最近用于冲调婴儿配方奶粉的水的最佳温度在科学协会和卫生机构之间仍存在争议。本文对当前的知识进行了综述，并提供了充分的证据，谨慎建议在冲调婴儿配方奶粉时使用70°C的热水，以防止阪崎肠杆菌的污染和生长。
