Hamberg Leena, Hantula Jarkko
Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokiniemenkuja 1, FI-01301, Vantaa, Finland.
J Environ Manage. 2016 Apr 15;171:217-224. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.02.016. Epub 2016 Feb 18.
The sprouting of broad-leaved trees after cutting is problematic in forest regeneration areas, along roads and railways, under electric power and above gas pipe lines. In Finland, one of the most difficult species to control in these areas is the European aspen (Populus tremula), which produces both stump sprouts and root suckers after saplings have been cut. In this study, we investigated whether a decay fungus of broad-leaved trees, Chondrostereum purpureum, could be used as a biological control agent against aspen sprouting. The efficacy of six elite strains of C. purpureum (improved earlier in a breeding process) was investigated on aspen for three years. The most efficient C. purpureum strain, R53, tested earlier on birch (Betula pendula and B. pubescens), was efficient in causing mortality of aspen stumps and preventing the development of root suckers. With this strain, stump mortality was 78%, while significantly lower in control stumps which were cut only (47%). Aspen trees in the vicinity of the treatments (within a 10 m radius around each sapling) decreased the efficacy of C. purpureum. This study shows that the decay fungus C. purpureum can successfully be used in the sprout control of aspen saplings.
在森林更新区域、道路和铁路沿线、电力设施下方以及燃气管道上方，阔叶树砍伐后的萌蘖现象对森林恢复造成了问题。在芬兰，欧洲山杨（Populus tremula）是这些区域最难控制的物种之一，其树苗被砍伐后会产生树桩萌条和根蘖。在本研究中，我们调查了一种阔叶树腐朽真菌——紫丝核菌（Chondrostereum purpureum）是否可用作控制山杨萌蘖的生物防治剂。我们对六种紫丝核菌优良菌株（在育种过程中经过改良）在山杨上的防治效果进行了为期三年的研究。之前在桦树（垂枝桦Betula pendula和毛桦B. pubescens）上测试过的最有效的紫丝核菌菌株R53，在导致山杨树桩死亡和阻止根蘖发育方面效果显著。使用该菌株时，树桩死亡率为78%，而仅进行砍伐处理的对照树桩死亡率显著较低（47%）。处理区域附近（每棵树苗周围半径10米范围内）的山杨降低了紫丝核菌的防治效果。本研究表明，腐朽真菌紫丝核菌可成功用于控制山杨树苗的萌蘖。
