Lyu Sidan, Chen Weiping, Zhang Weiling, Fan Yupeng, Jiao Wentao
State Key Laboratory for Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
State Key Laboratory for Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2016 Jan;39:86-96. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.11.012. Epub 2015 Dec 30.
The growing water stress both in terms of water scarcity and quality deterioration promotes the development of reclaimed water as a new water resource use. This paper reviewed wastewater reuse practices in China, and the opportunities and challenges of expanding reclaimed water use were analyzed. Rapid urbanization with the increasing of water demand and wastewater discharge provides an opportunity for wastewater reuse. The vast amount of wastewater discharge and low reclaimed water production mean that wastewater reuse still has a great potential in China. Many environmental and economic benefits and successful reclamation technologies also provide opportunities for wastewater reuse. In addition, the overall strategy in China is also encouraging for wastewater reuse. In the beginning stage of wastewater reclamation and reuse, there are many significant challenges to expand wastewater reuse in China including slow pace in adopting urban wastewater reuse programs, the establishment of integrated water resources management framework and guidelines for wastewater reuse programs, incoherent water quality requirements, the limited commercial development of reclaimed water and the strengthening of public awareness and cooperation among stakeholders.
无论是水资源短缺还是水质恶化导致的水压力不断增大，都推动了再生水作为一种新的水资源利用方式的发展。本文回顾了中国的废水回用实践，并分析了扩大再生水利用的机遇与挑战。快速的城市化进程伴随着用水需求和废水排放量的增加，为废水回用提供了契机。大量的废水排放和较低的再生水产量意味着废水回用在中国仍有巨大潜力。诸多环境和经济效益以及成功的再生技术也为废水回用提供了机遇。此外，中国的总体战略也对废水回用起到了鼓励作用。在废水回收利用的初始阶段，在中国扩大废水回用存在许多重大挑战，包括城市废水回用项目采用速度缓慢、建立水资源综合管理框架和废水回用项目指南、水质要求不一致、再生水商业开发有限以及加强公众意识和利益相关者之间的合作。
