Unverdorben Laura, Jeschke Udo, Santoso Laura, Hofmann Simone, Kuhn Christina, Arck Petra, Hutter Stefan
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
Histol Histopathol. 2016 Oct;31(10):1095-111. doi: 10.14670/HH-11-739. Epub 2016 Feb 22.
Galectins are members of the mammalian β-galactoside-binding proteins, which recognize Galβ1-4GlcNAc sequences of several cell surface oligosaccharides. Plenty of galectins are already described in human tissue, especially in placenta. Here, gal-1-4, 7-10 and gal-12 were investigated systematically in trophoblast and decidua cells of first trimester placentas.
Within this study, 15 first trimester placentas after induced abortion (7th-14th week of gestation) were examined with immunohistology and immunofluorescence based on a scoring system. Moreover, isolated and cultivated trophoblast cells from the first trimester were analyzed and evaluated for expression of gal-1-4, gal-7-10 and gal-12 at mRNA and protein level with real-time RT-Polymerase chain Reaction/PCR (Taq-Man). Double immunofluorescence with trophoblast specific markers identified galectin expressing cells at the feto-maternal interface.
We could detect immunohistochemical staining of galectins 1-4, 7-10 and 12 in first trimester placenta: all examined galectins were found in the cytotrophoblast (CTB) and syncytiotrophoblast (SCT). Gal-1, -2, -3, -4, -7, -8, -9, -10 and -12 were identified in extravillous trophoblast cells (EVT) in immunohistology and immunoflourescence. The expression of gal-1, -9, -10, and gal-12 increased after 96h incubation in vitro without stimulation at mRNA level, while gal-2, -3, -4, -7 and -8 were decreased.
This study describes a systematic analysis of the expression of gal-1-4, gal-7-10 and gal-12 in first trimester placentas and isolated trophoblast cells. Expression levels at mRNA level and the change within 96h cultivation in vitro indicate a possible influence on syncytium building of trophoblast cell on expression of galectins. Therefore, an interaction of galectins in vitro in syncytium building is possible.
半乳糖凝集素是哺乳动物β-半乳糖苷结合蛋白家族成员，可识别多种细胞表面寡糖的Galβ1-4GlcNAc序列。在人体组织中，尤其是胎盘中，已发现大量半乳糖凝集素。在此，我们对孕早期胎盘的滋养层细胞和蜕膜细胞中的gal-1-4、7-10和gal-12进行了系统研究。
本研究中，对15例人工流产后的孕早期胎盘（妊娠第7至14周）进行了免疫组织化学和免疫荧光检查，并采用评分系统进行评估。此外，对分离培养的孕早期滋养层细胞进行分析，利用实时逆转录聚合酶链反应/聚合酶链反应（Taq-Man法）从mRNA和蛋白质水平评估gal-1-4、gal-7-10和gal-12的表达情况。通过与滋养层特异性标志物进行双重免疫荧光，确定了胎儿-母体界面处表达半乳糖凝集素的细胞。
我们在孕早期胎盘检测到半乳糖凝集素1-4、7-10和12的免疫组织化学染色：在细胞滋养层（CTB）和合体滋养层（SCT）中均发现了所有检测的半乳糖凝集素。在免疫组织化学和免疫荧光检查中，在绒毛外滋养层细胞（EVT）中鉴定出了Gal-1、-2、-3、-4、-7、-8-9、-10和-12。在体外无刺激孵育96小时后，gal-1、-9、-10和gal-12在mRNA水平的表达增加，而gal-2、-3、-4、-7和-8的表达减少。
本研究对孕早期胎盘及分离的滋养层细胞中gal-1-4、gal-7-10和gal-12的表达进行了系统分析。mRNA水平的表达及体外培养96小时内的变化表明，滋养层细胞的合体形成可能对半乳糖凝集素的表达有影响。因此，体外半乳糖凝集素在合体形成过程中可能存在相互作用。
