Bredlau Amy Lee, Dixit Suraj, Chen Chao, Broome Ann-Marie
Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 68 President Street, MSC 120/BEB 213, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
Curr Neuropharmacol. 2017;15(1):104-115. doi: 10.2174/1570159x14666160223121002.
Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs) are invariably fatal tumors found in the pons of elementary school aged children. These tumors are grade II-IV gliomas, with a median survival of less than 1 year from diagnosis when treated with standard of care (SOC) therapy. Nanotechnology may offer therapeutic options for the treatment of DIPGs. Multiple nanoparticle formulations are currently being investigated for the treatment of DIPGs. Nanoparticles based upon stable elements, polymer nanoparticles, and organic nanoparticles are under development for the treatment of brain tumors, including DIPGs. Targeting of nanoparticles is now possible as delivery techniques that address the difficulty in crossing the blood brain barrier (BBB) are developed. Theranostic nanoparticles, a combination of therapeutics and diagnostic nanoparticles, improve imaging of the cancerous tissue while delivering therapy to the local region. However, additional time and attention should be directed to developing a nanoparticle delivery system for treatment of the uniformly fatal pediatric disease of DIPG.
弥漫性脑桥内在型胶质瘤（DIPG）是在小学年龄段儿童脑桥中发现的必死无疑的肿瘤。这些肿瘤为II-IV级胶质瘤，采用标准治疗（SOC）疗法治疗时，从诊断起的中位生存期不到1年。纳米技术可能为DIPG的治疗提供治疗选择。目前正在研究多种纳米颗粒制剂用于治疗DIPG。基于稳定元素的纳米颗粒、聚合物纳米颗粒和有机纳米颗粒正在开发中，用于治疗包括DIPG在内的脑肿瘤。随着解决穿过血脑屏障（BBB）困难的递送技术的发展，现在纳米颗粒的靶向成为可能。治疗诊断纳米颗粒，即治疗性纳米颗粒和诊断性纳米颗粒的组合，在向局部区域递送治疗的同时改善癌组织的成像。然而，应投入更多时间和精力来开发用于治疗这种必死无疑的儿童疾病DIPG的纳米颗粒递送系统。
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