Estévez-Santiago Rocío, Beltrán-de-Miguel Beatriz, Olmedilla-Alonso Begoña
a Instituto De Ciencia Y Tecnología De Alimentos Y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC) , Madrid , Spain ;
b Facultad De Farmacia , Universidad Complutense De Madrid , Spain.
Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2016;67(3):305-13. doi: 10.3109/09637486.2016.1147020. Epub 2016 Feb 22.
We assessed the intake and major dietary sources of lutein, zeaxanthin and lycopene (non-provitamin A carotenoids) in Spain using food consumption data from the Spanish National Dietary Intake Survey (2009-2010). Three-day diaries and one 24-h recall were used to collect dietary data and a software application that includes HPLC data was used. Average intake of those carotenoids was 4290.8 μg/d (67.1% total carotenoid intake), mainly from vegetables (3414.0 μg/d), followed by fruits (393.5 μg/d), oils/fats (204.0 μg/d) and eggs/egg products (170.0 μg/d). Main sources of lutein and zeaxanthin were vegetables (62.9% total diet, 1235.2 μg/person/d). Lycopene intake was 3055.6 μg/d (71.2% of non-provitamin A carotenoids), mainly from tomato and by-products (86.3%) and watermelon. Red- and orange-colored fruits and vegetables were the major contributors of non-provitamin carotenoids (3219.0 μg/person/d). Balanced diets should favor fruits and vegetables over other dietary sources (oils, eggs, processed foods) that contain components to be consumed with moderation.
我们利用西班牙国家膳食摄入量调查（2009 - 2010年）的食物消费数据，评估了西班牙人群中叶黄素、玉米黄质和番茄红素（非维生素A类胡萝卜素）的摄入量及其主要膳食来源。通过三日饮食日记和一次24小时回顾来收集膳食数据，并使用了一个包含高效液相色谱数据的软件应用程序。这些类胡萝卜素的平均摄入量为4290.8微克/天（占总类胡萝卜素摄入量的67.1%），主要来自蔬菜（3414.0微克/天），其次是水果（393.5微克/天）、油脂（204.0微克/天）和蛋类/蛋制品（170.0微克/天）。叶黄素和玉米黄质的主要来源是蔬菜（占总膳食的62.9%，1235.2微克/人/天）。番茄红素的摄入量为3055.6微克/天（占非维生素A类胡萝卜素的71.2%），主要来自番茄及其副产品（86.3%）和西瓜。红色和橙色的水果和蔬菜是非维生素类胡萝卜素的主要贡献者（3219.0微克/人/天）。均衡饮食应优先选择水果和蔬菜，而不是其他含有需适量食用成分的膳食来源（油脂、蛋类、加工食品）。
