Heron Melonie
Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2016 Feb 16;65(2):1-95.
This report presents final 2013 data on the 10 leading causes of death in the United States by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. Leading causes of infant, neonatal, and postneonatal death are also presented. This report supplements "Deaths: Final Data for 2013," the National Center for Health Statistics’ annual report of final mortality statistics.
Data in this report are based on information from all death certificates filed in the 50 states and the District of Columbia in 2013. Causes of death classified by the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD–10) are ranked according to the number of deaths assigned to rankable causes. Cause-of-death statistics are based on the underlying cause of death.
In 2013, the 10 leading causes of death were, in rank order: Diseases of heart; Malignant neoplasms; Chronic lower respiratory diseases; Accidents (unintentional injuries); Cerebrovascular diseases; Alzheimer’s disease; Diabetes mellitus; Influenza and pneumonia; Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis; and Intentional self-harm (suicide). They accounted for 74% of all deaths occurring in the United States. Differences in the rankings are evident by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin. Leading causes of infant death for 2013 were, in rank order: Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities; Disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight, not elsewhere classified; Newborn affected by maternal complications of pregnancy; Sudden infant death syndrome; Accidents (unintentional injuries); Newborn affected by complications of placenta, cord and membranes; Bacterial sepsis of newborn; Respiratory distress of newborn; Diseases of the circulatory system; and Neonatal hemorrhage. Important variations in the leading causes of infant death are noted for the neonatal and postneonatal periods.
本报告呈现了2013年美国按年龄、性别、种族和西班牙裔血统划分的10大主要死因的最终数据。同时还列出了婴儿、新生儿和新生儿后期死亡的主要原因。本报告补充了美国国家卫生统计中心的年度最终死亡率统计报告《2013年死亡数据：最终数据》。
本报告中的数据基于2013年在美国50个州和哥伦比亚特区提交的所有死亡证明中的信息。根据国际疾病分类第十版（ICD - 10）分类的死因，按照可排名死因的死亡人数进行排序。死因统计基于根本死因。
2013年，10大主要死因依次为：心脏病；恶性肿瘤；慢性下呼吸道疾病；事故（意外伤害）；脑血管疾病；阿尔茨海默病；糖尿病；流感和肺炎；肾炎、肾病综合征和肾病；以及故意自伤（自杀）。它们占美国所有死亡人数的74%。在年龄、性别、种族和西班牙裔血统方面，排名存在明显差异。2013年婴儿死亡的主要原因依次为：先天性畸形、变形和染色体异常；与早产和低出生体重相关的疾病，未另作分类；受母亲妊娠并发症影响的新生儿；婴儿猝死综合征；事故（意外伤害）；受胎盘、脐带和胎膜并发症影响的新生儿；新生儿细菌性败血症；新生儿呼吸窘迫；循环系统疾病；以及新生儿出血。在新生儿期和新生儿后期，婴儿死亡的主要原因存在重要差异。
